Skip to main content
LakeQuality
D

Spring Lake

Columbia County, WisconsinEutrophic

Spring Lake pulls a D on the LakeGrade rubric — phosphorus loading and limited clarity hold it below the Wisconsin average. With clarity and phosphorus scored, the sub-grades cluster within a letter of each other, pointing to stable conditions rather than one specific stressor.

At a TSI of 68, Spring Lake reads as eutrophic — nutrient-rich enough that summer algal growth and reduced clarity are expected, not unusual. A maximum depth of 32 ft puts Spring Lake in the middle of Wisconsin's depth distribution. At 27 acres, Spring Lake sits below the Wisconsin median: a small water where shoreline activity has an outsized effect on water quality. Spring Lake sits at rank 6 of 10 in Columbia County, in the lower half of the local distribution.

Eurasian watermilfoil is established at Spring Lake, which can dampen recreational access and pressure the native plant community. Bass fishing is part of the appeal: the species list runs to 3, anchored by largemouth and/or smallmouth bass. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Wisconsin DNR Surface Water, last sampled 2023-09-06. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

Track Spring Lake

Subscribe for LakeQuality updates by email. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.

Swimming Safety

Swimming not recommended, poor water quality with high algae risk

Water Quality Grade: D, Poor

Very murky, less than 2 ft of visibility. Phosphorus level: 83.3 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 68.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)2 ftF
Phosphorus83.3 µg/LD
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)68Eutrophic

High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth32 ft
Surface Area27 acres

Fish Species

Click a species to see all Wisconsin and Minnesota lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Spring Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Spring Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Spring Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

Eurasian Water-Milfoil

Water Quality Trend: Declining

Based on 3 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Declining-0.12 m/yr2
Phosphorus Stable-1.6 µg/L/yr3

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #6 of 10 lakes in Columbia County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Spring Lake holds Grade D. 4 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

See full comparison →

Nearby Lakes in Columbia County

WI DNR Lake Profile

Authoritative data from the Wisconsin DNR LakePages. 1 station on file (most recent sample 2023).

Fish Species (DNR-rated)

Panfish(Common)Largemouth Bass(Present)Northern Pike(Present)

DNR Reports & Resources

Wisconsin DNR Fisheries scientists publish multi-year survey reports for Spring Lake covering fish populations, stocking, water quality, and management. 2 reports on file.

Reservoir Info (USACE NID)

Spring Lake is a man-made reservoir impounded by the Pardeeville (completed 1849), built primarily for recreation on the FOX R.; gravity-type dam, 16 ft tall and 230 ft long.

Surface area
312 ac
Normal storage
2,050 ac-ft
Max storage
3,300 ac-ft
Drainage area
56 sq mi
Hazard class
High
Owner
Village Of Pardeeville

All listed purposes: Recreation;Hydroelectric.

Source: USACE National Inventory of Dams, NID ID WI00113 · Operator website · Matched by proximity (0.52 km)

EPA Impairment Status

Spring Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 5).

Causes of impairment

Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit WI10009334 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Most recent sample: 2023-09-06

Monitoring stations: 1