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LakeQuality

Wisconsin Lake Water Quality

Water quality grades for 754 monitored lakes across 71 counties.

About 39% of Michigan's lakes pull an A — 293 top-bracket waters. That high A-share comes mostly from the cold, deep, kettle-formed lakes in the north of the state, which buffer themselves against nutrient inputs.

Most Michigan lakes sit in the mesotrophic band — moderate productivity, decent clarity, capable of supporting both warm-water and cool-water fisheries. This is the band where well-managed working lakes tend to land. The cleanest county on average is Presque Isle (grade A); the most-stressed is Berrien. The gap between the top and bottom counties is large enough that "Michigan lake water quality" hides real local variation.

A
293
Excellent
B
234
Good
C
149
Fair
D
56
Poor
F
22
Very Poor

Lake Map

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Reservoirs in Wisconsin

View all 62 reservoirs →

62 of 754 Wisconsin lakes (8%) are man-made reservoirs in the USACE National Inventory of Dams. 25 carry a High or Significant hazard rating. The oldest matched dam dates to 1829.

Recreation (44)Other (9)Hydroelectric (4)Flood Risk Reduction (3)Fish and Wildlife Pond (2)

EPA-Impaired Lakes in Wisconsin

View all 307 impaired lakes →

307 of 754 Wisconsin lakes (41%) are officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the most recent EPA ATTAINS reporting cycle. 264 have an approved Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) restoration plan.

Mercury (210)PCBs (71)Oxygen depletion (low DO) (58)Pathogens (E. coli, fecal) (46)PFAS (42)Pesticides (32)Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen) (30)Dioxins (4)

Counties

A
Presque Isle County
4 lakes
A
Alpena County
4 lakes
A
Sanilac County
2 lakes
A
Luce County
2 lakes
A
Mackinac County
2 lakes
A
Missaukee County
1 lakes
A
Delta County
1 lakes
A
Kalkaska County
24 lakes
A
Grand Traverse County
20 lakes
A
Osceola County
6 lakes
A
Otsego County
13 lakes
A
Ontonagon County
6 lakes
A
Baraga County
3 lakes
A
Cheboygan County
7 lakes
A
Emmet County
10 lakes
A
Oscoda County
3 lakes
A
Ingham County
1 lakes
B
Alcona County
8 lakes
B
Leelanau County
21 lakes
B
Manistee County
12 lakes
B
Montmorency County
6 lakes
B
Antrim County
6 lakes
B
Mason County
8 lakes
B
Benzie County
35 lakes
B
Iron County
39 lakes
B
Alger County
13 lakes
B
Clare County
12 lakes
B
Crawford County
6 lakes
B
Isabella County
2 lakes
B
Ogemaw County
2 lakes
B
Huron County
5 lakes
B
Marquette County
10 lakes
B
Keweenaw County
19 lakes
B
Lake County
8 lakes
B
Montcalm County
9 lakes
B
Iosco County
8 lakes
B
Dickinson County
6 lakes
B
Schoolcraft County
5 lakes
B
Newaygo County
17 lakes
B
Barry County
14 lakes
B
Chippewa County
18 lakes
B
Roscommon County
6 lakes
B
Lenawee County
8 lakes
B
Mecosta County
12 lakes
B
Gladwin County
9 lakes
B
Oakland County
45 lakes
B
Van Buren County
15 lakes
B
Charlevoix County
19 lakes
B
Livingston County
20 lakes
B
Wexford County
6 lakes
C
Allegan County
12 lakes
C
Muskegon County
12 lakes
C
Kalamazoo County
12 lakes
C
Kent County
18 lakes
C
Oceana County
5 lakes
C
Branch County
5 lakes
C
Gogebic County
40 lakes
C
Cass County
23 lakes
C
Jackson County
9 lakes
C
Washtenaw County
17 lakes
C
Arenac County
3 lakes
C
Ottawa County
5 lakes
C
Lapeer County
8 lakes
C
Genesee County
9 lakes
C
Tuscola County
1 lakes
C
Clinton County
6 lakes
C
St. Joseph County
13 lakes
C
Bay County
2 lakes
C
Shiawassee County
6 lakes
D
Hillsdale County
7 lakes
F
Berrien County
3 lakes

Top 25 Cleanest Lakes

RankLakeCountyGradeClarityMax Depth
1Windover Lake South Basin; Freeman TownshipClareA15 ft-
2Squaw LakeKalkaskaA16 ft-
3Moon Lake Central Basin; Watersmeet TownshipGogebicA18 ft-
4Camp LakeIronA16 ft-
5Glen LakeLeelanauA15.5 ft-
6Sanford LakeBenzieA15.8 ft-
7Camp Lake; Deep Basin; Stambaugh TownshipIronA16 ft-
8Moon LakeGogebicA18 ft-
9Second Fortune Lake; Crystal Falls TownshipIronA21.8 ft-
10East Arm Grand Traverse Bay 2 Mi From South Shore LakeGrand TraverseA36.6 ft-
11Corey LakeSt. JosephA16 ft-
12Sunset Lake West Central Basin; Bates TownshipIronA15.5 ft-
13West Arm Grand Traverse Bay 3 Mi Southeast Stony Point LakeGrand TraverseA41.4 ft-
14Lake EllenIronA18 ft-
15Windover LakeClareA15 ft-
16Glen Lake North Cent Basin; Glen Arbor Township Section 35LeelanauA22 ft-
17Corey Lake Southeastern Basin; Fabius TownshipSt. JosephA16 ft-
18Ellen Lake South Central Basin; Mansfield TownshipIronA17 ft-
19Smoky LakeIronA24 ft-
20Second LakeIronA22.5 ft-
21First LakeIronA21 ft-
22Blue LakeIronA20.5 ft-
23Blue Lake; Mastodon Township; Section 8IronA20.5 ft-
24First Fortune Lake Central Basin; Crystal F.Township Section 27IronA21.8 ft-
25East Arm Grand Traverse Bay 2.5 Mi From North End LakeGrand TraverseA37.3 ft-

25 Lakes Needing Attention

RankLakeCountyGradeClarity
1Gage LakeCassF-
2Sassafras LakeVan BurenF-
3Canadian Lake Southeast Basin; Morton TownshipMecostaF3 ft
4Lake Lapeer Central Basin; Elba TownshipLapeerF3 ft
5Webinguaw LakeNewaygoF2.5 ft
6Swan Lake West Central Basin,Cheshire TownshipAlleganF3 ft
7Ford Lake Central Basin; Ypsilanti TownshipWashtenawF3 ft
8Sturgeon Lake; Center of Deepest Basin; Colon TownshipSt. JosephF3 ft
9Second Sister LakeWashtenawF3 ft
10Greenes LakeCharlevoixF2 ft
11Greenes LakeCharlevoixF2 ft
12First Sister LakeWashtenawF3 ft
13Fox LakeMuskegonF1 ft
14Palmer LakeSt. JosephF3 ft
15Batteese LakeJacksonF3 ft
16Batteese LakeJacksonF2.8 ft
17Perch LakeHillsdaleF3.3 ft
18Perch LakeHillsdaleF3.3 ft
19Thread LakeGeneseeF1.8 ft
20Little Paw Paw Lake West Central Basin; Coloma TownshipBerrienF3 ft
21Little Paw Paw LakeBerrienF3 ft
22Crockery Lake Northeast Basin; Chester TownshipOttawaF3 ft
23Palmer Lake Central Basin; Colon TownshipSt. JosephD2 ft
24Fox Lake Central Basin; Dalton TownshipMuskegonD1 ft
25Lost Lake; Oakland Township; Section 4OaklandD6 ft

Source: EPA National Aquatic Resource Surveys, 2026.