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F

Fox Lake

Dodge County, WisconsinHypereutrophic

On the LakeGrade rubric Fox Lake fails the cutoffs — a TSI of 70 and persistent algal pressure put it in the bottom tier. clarity and phosphorus rate similarly, so there is no obvious single lever to pull on watershed management.

Hypereutrophic conditions mean the lake is operating at the upper end of the productivity scale, with all the bloom risk that implies. A maximum depth of 19 ft puts Fox Lake in the middle of Wisconsin's depth distribution. With 2,713 acres of surface and partial shoreline records, Fox Lake is a large water by Wisconsin standards — recreational pressure is spread across a long shoreline. Fox Lake ranks 3 of 3 in Dodge County — at the lower end of the locally monitored distribution.

Fox Lake is on the Wisconsin infested-waters list for zebra mussels — boaters should follow clean-drain-dry protocols when moving gear to or from the lake. The fishery includes walleye among the lake's 5 documented species — a notable draw for Wisconsin anglers. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Wisconsin DNR Surface Water, last sampled 2025-08-28. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Avoid swimming, very poor water quality, potential algae toxins

Water Quality Grade: F, Very Poor

Very murky, less than 1.7 ft of visibility. Phosphorus level: 106 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 70.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)1.7 ftF
Phosphorus106 µg/LF
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)70Hypereutrophic

Very high nutrients, dense algae, poor clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth19 ft
Surface Area2.7K acres

Fish Species

Click a species to see all Wisconsin and Minnesota lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Fox Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Fox Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Fox Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

Chinese Mystery SnailCurly-Leaf PondweedEurasian Water-MilfoilHybrid Eurasian / Northern Water-MilfoilPurple LoosestrifeRusty CrayfishZebra Mussel

Water Quality Trend: Declining

Based on 6 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Declining-0.1 m/yr6
Phosphorus Stable+0.13 µg/L/yr6
See year-by-year chart →

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #3 of 3 lakes in Dodge County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Fox Lake holds Grade F. 3 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

See full comparison →

Nearby Lakes in Dodge County

Hypereutrophic Lakes in Wisconsin

WI DNR Lake Profile

Authoritative data from the Wisconsin DNR LakePages. Monitored by volunteers since 1987. 6 stations on file (most recent sample 2025).

DNR Assessment
Fair · Shallow Lowland lake
Trophic State Index 68 (eutrophic) · 5-year average

Fish Species (DNR-rated)

Musky(Common)Panfish(Common)Largemouth Bass(Common)Northern Pike(Common)Walleye(Common)

DNR Reports & Resources

Wisconsin DNR Fisheries scientists publish multi-year survey reports for Fox Lake covering fish populations, stocking, water quality, and management. 1 report on file.

Reservoir Info (USACE NID)

Fox Lake is a man-made reservoir impounded by the Fox Lake (completed 1838), built primarily for recreation on the OLD MILL CREEK; gravity-type dam, 16 ft tall and 420 ft long.

Surface area
2,625 ac
Normal storage
14,400 ac-ft
Max storage
22,000 ac-ft
Drainage area
52 sq mi
Hazard class
Low
Owner
City Of Fox Lake

Source: USACE National Inventory of Dams, NID ID WI00253 · Operator website

EPA Impairment Status

Fox Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)Turbidity

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit WI10001260 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Most recent sample: 2025-08-28

Monitoring stations: 1