Sand Lake
Cass County, MinnesotaLimited DataOligotrophic
Sand Lake sits at the top of the Minnesota PCA grading rubric with an A, a mark reached by the cleanest lakes in Minnesota.
A TSI value of 33 puts Sand Lake in the oligotrophic range, where biological productivity stays low and the water column remains clear. The lake's 54 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. Sand Lake covers 149 acres alongside 2.0 miles of shoreline — a mid-sized water that supports a working fishery without being so large that conditions diverge between basins. Among the 132 graded lakes in Cass County, Sand Lake ranks 5 — in the top quartile locally.
Sand Lake has no invasive species recorded in Minnesota state databases as of 2024, though prevention practices still apply at all access points. Walleye are documented at Sand Lake, one of 12 fish species on record for the lake. No formal public access is documented at Sand Lake — most use is by shoreline residents and their guests. The lake has a partial ice record — 8 observed ice-outs, centered near May 2. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.
Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-18. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.
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Swimming Safety
Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae
Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent
Crystal clear, you can see 21 ft down. Trophic State Index: 33.
| Metric | Value | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity (Secchi Depth) | 21 ft | A |
| Phosphorus | No data | |
| Chlorophyll-a (Algae) | No data | |
| Trophic State Index (TSI) | 33 | Oligotrophic |
Low nutrients, clear water, excellent for swimming
Lake Details
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum Depth | 54 ft |
| Surface Area | 149.17 acres |
| Shoreline Length | 2 mi |
| Littoral Zone | 36% |
| Public Access | No |
Fish Species
Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.
→ Best fishing times for Sand Lake (14-day solunar calendar)
→ Is it safe to eat fish from Sand Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)
→ Sand Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)
Water Quality Trend: ↓ Declining
Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).
| Metric | Trend | Change/Year | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity | ↓ Declining | -0.318 m/yr | 5 |
| Phosphorus | → Stable | 0 µg/L/yr | 5 |
Ice Season
Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (11 observations).
Estimated open water season: 209 days
| Earliest | Latest | |
|---|---|---|
| Ice-Out | 2021-04-06 (2021) | 2013-05-10 (2013) |
| Ice-In | 2023-11-27 (2023) | 2024-12-04 (2024) |
Most recent ice-out: 2023-05-02
Location
County Ranking
Ranked #5 of 132 lakes in Cass County
Nearby Lakes in Cass County
More Minnesota Lake Rankings
Other Grade A Lakes in Minnesota
Oligotrophic Lakes in Minnesota
DNR Fisheries Survey Summary
7 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2022-07-25 (Standard Survey).
Top Species by Catch Rate
| Species | Avg CPUE | Avg Weight |
|---|---|---|
| SUN | 31.34 | — |
| BCS | 27.50 | — |
| Bluntnose Minnow | 25.82 | — |
| GOS | 22.00 | — |
| Bluegill | 9.79 | 0.15 lb |
| Largemouth Bass | 6.12 | 0.84 lb |
CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.
Length Distributions
Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.
Bluegill
Largemouth Bass
From the 2022-07-25 survey
Sand (Lower Sand) Lake is a 149-acre lake with 2 miles of shoreline and a maximum depth of 54 feet located southeast of Hackensack, MN. A public access is located on the Sand (Lower Sand) Lake is a 149-acre lake with 2 miles of shoreline and a maximum depth of 54 feet located southeast of Hackensack, MN. A public…
DNR Reports & Resources
Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Sand Lake. 3 reports on file.
- —Fisheries Lake Survey — SandFisheries Lake Survey · MN DNR LakeFinder
- —Aquatic Plant Report — Sand (1392)Aquatic Plant Report · MN DNR LakeFinder
- —Fish Stocking History — SandFish Stocking History · MN DNR LakeFinder
EPA Impairment Status
Sand Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).
Causes of impairment
A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.
Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN11-0274-00 · Official waterbody report · Matched by proximity (2.91 km)
Data Sources
Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal
Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database
Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards
Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder
Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate
Most recent sample: 2024-10-18
Monitoring stations: 1