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Sand Lake

Cass County, MinnesotaLimited DataOligotrophic

Sand Lake sits at the top of the Minnesota PCA grading rubric with an A, a mark reached by the cleanest lakes in Minnesota.

A TSI value of 33 puts Sand Lake in the oligotrophic range, where biological productivity stays low and the water column remains clear. The lake's 54 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. Sand Lake covers 149 acres alongside 2.0 miles of shoreline — a mid-sized water that supports a working fishery without being so large that conditions diverge between basins. Among the 132 graded lakes in Cass County, Sand Lake ranks 5 — in the top quartile locally.

Sand Lake has no invasive species recorded in Minnesota state databases as of 2024, though prevention practices still apply at all access points. Walleye are documented at Sand Lake, one of 12 fish species on record for the lake. No formal public access is documented at Sand Lake — most use is by shoreline residents and their guests. The lake has a partial ice record — 8 observed ice-outs, centered near May 2. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-18. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae

Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent

Crystal clear, you can see 21 ft down. Trophic State Index: 33.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)21 ftA
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)33Oligotrophic

Low nutrients, clear water, excellent for swimming

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth54 ft
Surface Area149.17 acres
Shoreline Length2 mi
Littoral Zone36%
Public AccessNo

Fish Species

black crappie,bluegill,brown bullhead,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,northern pike,pumpkinseed,rock bass,smallmouth bass,walleye,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Sand Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Sand Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Sand Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Water Quality Trend: Declining

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Declining-0.318 m/yr5
Phosphorus Stable0 µg/L/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (11 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
May 2
Typical Ice-In
Nov 27

Estimated open water season: 209 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2021-04-06 (2021)2013-05-10 (2013)
Ice-In2023-11-27 (2023)2024-12-04 (2024)

Most recent ice-out: 2023-05-02

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #5 of 132 lakes in Cass County

Nearby Lakes in Cass County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

7 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2022-07-25 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
SUN31.34
BCS27.50
Bluntnose Minnow25.82
GOS22.00
Bluegill9.790.15 lb
Largemouth Bass6.120.84 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

150 fish · 29 in · 2022-07-25
45230trophy 1023456789

Largemouth Bass

30 fish · 616 in · 2022-07-25
740678910111213141516

From the 2022-07-25 survey

Sand (Lower Sand) Lake is a 149-acre lake with 2 miles of shoreline and a maximum depth of 54 feet located southeast of Hackensack, MN. A public access is located on the Sand (Lower Sand) Lake is a 149-acre lake with 2 miles of shoreline and a maximum depth of 54 feet located southeast of Hackensack, MN. A public…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Sand Lake. 3 reports on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Sand Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Mercury

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN11-0274-00 · Official waterbody report · Matched by proximity (2.91 km)

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-10-18

Monitoring stations: 1