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LakeQuality
C

Colby Lake

St. Louis County, MinnesotaEutrophic

Colby Lake earns a C — middle-of-the-pack water quality, with one or two parameters dragging the average down from a stronger grade. Clarity is the limiting factor — phosphorus is reasonable but suspended particles or algal cells keep water transparency below Minnesota norms.

Eutrophic conditions are the baseline here: clarity drops noticeably in late summer, and dissolved oxygen near the bottom can become a concern. A maximum depth of 30 ft puts Colby Lake in the middle of Minnesota's depth distribution. Colby Lake covers 518 acres alongside 12.0 miles of shoreline — a mid-sized water that supports a working fishery without being so large that conditions diverge between basins. Within St. Louis County's 187 graded lakes, Colby Lake ranks 95 — below the local median, though not at the bottom.

Colby Lake has no invasive species recorded in Minnesota state databases as of 2024, though prevention practices still apply at all access points. The fishery includes walleye alongside the lake's other 15 documented species — a notable draw for Minnesota anglers. Public access is available — the lake is on the Minnesota PCA public-access list. The lake has a partial ice record — 10 observed ice-outs, centered near Apr 21. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-08. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Swimming Safety

Generally safe for swimming, moderate water quality

Water Quality Grade: C, Fair

Murky, only visible to about 3.5 ft. Phosphorus level: 22 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 54.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)3.5 ftD
Phosphorus22 µg/LB
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)54Eutrophic

High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth30 ft
Surface Area517.72 acres
Shoreline Length12 mi
Littoral Zone73%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Colby Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Colby Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Colby Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Water Quality Trend: Declining

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Declining-0.138 m/yr5

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (14 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 21
Typical Ice-In
Nov 13

Estimated open water season: 206 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2000-04-02 (2000)2022-05-06 (2022)
Ice-In1992-10-28 (1992)2001-12-03 (2001)

Most recent ice-out: 2022-05-06

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #95 of 187 lakes in St. Louis County

Nearby Lakes in St. Louis County

Eutrophic Lakes in Minnesota

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

12 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2025-07-14 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Bluegill5.230.23 lb
Yellow Perch4.540.15 lb
Black Crappie4.250.26 lb
RHS1.671.16 lb
Northern Pike1.592.34 lb
Channel Catfish1.543.04 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

53 fish · 37 in · 2025-07-14
2312034567

Yellow Perch

12 fish · 58 in · 2025-07-14
8405678

Black Crappie

81 fish · 19 in · 2025-07-14
37190trophy 10123456789

RHS

15 fish · 1017 in · 2015-07-13
3201011121314151617

From the 2025-07-14 survey

Colby is a 518-acre lake located immediately north of Hoyt Lakes. It is comparable to North and South Twin by Aurora, and Bailey's in downtown Virginia. The Partridge River runs through the lake and connects to the upper St. Louis River shortly downstream. This river connection makes Colby's fish community an outlier…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Colby Lake. 3 reports on file.

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-10-08

Monitoring stations: 2