Colby Lake
St. Louis County, MinnesotaEutrophic
Colby Lake earns a C — middle-of-the-pack water quality, with one or two parameters dragging the average down from a stronger grade. Clarity is the limiting factor — phosphorus is reasonable but suspended particles or algal cells keep water transparency below Minnesota norms.
Eutrophic conditions are the baseline here: clarity drops noticeably in late summer, and dissolved oxygen near the bottom can become a concern. A maximum depth of 30 ft puts Colby Lake in the middle of Minnesota's depth distribution. Colby Lake covers 518 acres alongside 12.0 miles of shoreline — a mid-sized water that supports a working fishery without being so large that conditions diverge between basins. Within St. Louis County's 187 graded lakes, Colby Lake ranks 95 — below the local median, though not at the bottom.
Colby Lake has no invasive species recorded in Minnesota state databases as of 2024, though prevention practices still apply at all access points. The fishery includes walleye alongside the lake's other 15 documented species — a notable draw for Minnesota anglers. Public access is available — the lake is on the Minnesota PCA public-access list. The lake has a partial ice record — 10 observed ice-outs, centered near Apr 21. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.
Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-08. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.
Swimming Safety
Generally safe for swimming, moderate water quality
Water Quality Grade: C, Fair
Murky, only visible to about 3.5 ft. Phosphorus level: 22 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 54.
| Metric | Value | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity (Secchi Depth) | 3.5 ft | D |
| Phosphorus | 22 µg/L | B |
| Chlorophyll-a (Algae) | No data | |
| Trophic State Index (TSI) | 54 | Eutrophic |
High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity
Lake Details
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum Depth | 30 ft |
| Surface Area | 517.72 acres |
| Shoreline Length | 12 mi |
| Littoral Zone | 73% |
| Public Access | Yes |
Fish Species
Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.
→ Best fishing times for Colby Lake (14-day solunar calendar)
→ Is it safe to eat fish from Colby Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)
→ Colby Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)
Water Quality Trend: ↓ Declining
Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).
| Metric | Trend | Change/Year | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity | ↓ Declining | -0.138 m/yr | 5 |
Ice Season
Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (14 observations).
Estimated open water season: 206 days
| Earliest | Latest | |
|---|---|---|
| Ice-Out | 2000-04-02 (2000) | 2022-05-06 (2022) |
| Ice-In | 1992-10-28 (1992) | 2001-12-03 (2001) |
Most recent ice-out: 2022-05-06
Location
County Ranking
Ranked #95 of 187 lakes in St. Louis County
Nearby Lakes in St. Louis County
More Minnesota Lake Rankings
State Parks Near Colby Lake
Other Grade C Lakes in Minnesota
Eutrophic Lakes in Minnesota
DNR Fisheries Survey Summary
12 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2025-07-14 (Standard Survey).
Top Species by Catch Rate
| Species | Avg CPUE | Avg Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Bluegill | 5.23 | 0.23 lb |
| Yellow Perch | 4.54 | 0.15 lb |
| Black Crappie | 4.25 | 0.26 lb |
| RHS | 1.67 | 1.16 lb |
| Northern Pike | 1.59 | 2.34 lb |
| Channel Catfish | 1.54 | 3.04 lb |
CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.
Length Distributions
Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.
Bluegill
Yellow Perch
Black Crappie
RHS
From the 2025-07-14 survey
Colby is a 518-acre lake located immediately north of Hoyt Lakes. It is comparable to North and South Twin by Aurora, and Bailey's in downtown Virginia. The Partridge River runs through the lake and connects to the upper St. Louis River shortly downstream. This river connection makes Colby's fish community an outlier…
DNR Reports & Resources
Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Colby Lake. 3 reports on file.
- —Fisheries Lake Survey — ColbyFisheries Lake Survey · MN DNR LakeFinder
- —Aquatic Plant Report — Colby (1878)Aquatic Plant Report · MN DNR LakeFinder
- —Public Water Access Sites — ColbyPublic Water Access Sites · MN DNR LakeFinder
Data Sources
Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal
Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards
Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder
Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate
Most recent sample: 2024-10-08
Monitoring stations: 2