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Hand Lake

Cass County, MinnesotaLimited DataOligotrophic

On the LakeGrade rubric, Hand Lake pulls an A: clarity at 17.0 ft and phosphorus readings still being added put it in the top bracket for Minnesota.

The lake's low TSI puts it in oligotrophic territory — the cleanest of the four trophic classes, but also the most vulnerable to nutrient-driven shifts. The lake's 57 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. The lake's 289 acres and 5.8 miles of shoreline put it in the mid-range bucket — large enough for varied use, small enough that watershed inputs reach the whole basin. Hand Lake ranks 11 of 132 in Cass County, putting it in the upper tier of locally monitored lakes.

Zebra mussels have been documented at Hand Lake, which alters the filter-feeding balance and can paradoxically increase water clarity while disrupting the food web. The fishery includes walleye among the lake's 15 documented species — a notable draw for Minnesota anglers. A documented public access point at Hand Lake makes the lake usable for shore fishing, paddle craft, and trailered boats. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-09-05. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae

Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent

Crystal clear, you can see 17 ft down. Trophic State Index: 36.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)17 ftA
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)36Oligotrophic

Low nutrients, clear water, excellent for swimming

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth57 ft
Surface Area289.21 acres
Shoreline Length5.8 mi
Littoral Zone48%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

black bullhead,black crappie,bluegill,bowfin (dogfish),brown bullhead,green sunfish,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,northern pike,pumpkinseed,rock bass,tullibee (cisco),walleye,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Hand Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Hand Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Hand Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

zebra mussel

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.213 m/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #11 of 132 lakes in Cass County

Nearby Lakes in Cass County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

11 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2022-08-22 (Targeted Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Bluegill25.790.17 lb
Bluntnose Minnow17.24
BNS6.79
CNM5.82
Tullibee (Cisco)4.941.32 lb
Northern Pike4.691.5 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

63 fish · 38 in · 2022-08-22
26130345678

Tullibee (Cisco)

39 fish · 719 in · 2019-06-17
95078910111213141516171819

Northern Pike

4 fish · 1528 in · 2022-08-22
101516171819202122232425262728

From the 2022-08-22 survey

A targeted survey of nearshore fish species in Hand Lake was conducted on August 22, 2022, by DNR Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) Program staff. Sampling sites were evenly spaced around the lake, and each was sampled by backpack electrofishing and seining with a 50-foot or 15-foot seine, where possible. Backpack…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Hand Lake. 3 reports on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Hand Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Mercury

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN11-0250-00 · Official waterbody report · Matched by proximity (2.98 km)

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Most recent sample: 2024-09-05

Monitoring stations: 1