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D

Cannon Lake

Rice County, MinnesotaHypereutrophic

Cannon Lake pulls a D on the LakeGrade rubric — phosphorus loading and limited clarity hold it below the Minnesota average. Sub-grades cluster within a single letter of each other, which usually means the lake is in stable trophic balance rather than fighting one specific stressor.

A TSI above 70 puts Cannon Lake in hypereutrophic territory: visible blooms are common, and clarity rarely climbs even in early summer. A maximum depth of 15 ft puts Cannon Lake in the middle of Minnesota's depth distribution. With 1,593 acres of surface and 12.0 miles of shoreline, Cannon Lake is a large water by Minnesota standards — recreational pressure is spread across a long shoreline. Cannon Lake ranks 5 of 17 in Rice County — solidly in the upper half of the local distribution.

An invasive species record — flowering rush — has been logged at Cannon Lake; Minnesota PCA maintains the official infested-waters list. The fishery includes walleye alongside the lake's other 17 documented species — a notable draw for Minnesota anglers. A documented public access point at Cannon Lake makes the lake usable for shore fishing, paddle craft, and trailered boats. Ice-out has been logged at Cannon Lake more than two dozen times, putting the median around Mar 31 — a useful baseline for tracking climate trends. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2025-09-09. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

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Swimming Safety

Swimming not recommended, poor water quality with high algae risk

Water Quality Grade: D, Poor

Murky, only visible to about 4.1 ft. Phosphorus level: 244 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 70.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)4.1 ftD
Phosphorus244 µg/LF
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)70Hypereutrophic

Very high nutrients, dense algae, poor clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth15 ft
Surface Area1.6K acres
Shoreline Length12 mi
Littoral Zone100%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

Click a species to see every graded lake where it is documented.

→ Best fishing times for Cannon Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Cannon Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Cannon Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

flowering rush

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (74 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Mar 31
Typical Ice-In
Nov 28

Estimated open water season: 242 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2024-02-28 (2024)2018-04-29 (2018)
Ice-In1991-11-03 (1991)1998-12-19 (1998)

Most recent ice-out: 2026-03-26

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #5 of 17 lakes in Rice County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Cannon Lake holds Grade D. 2 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

See full comparison →

Nearby Lakes in Rice County

Hypereutrophic Lakes in Minnesota

EPA Impairment Status

Cannon Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

MercuryNutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN66-0008-00 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2025-09-09

Monitoring stations: 1