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B

St. Joe Lake

Carver County, MinnesotaLimited DataMesotrophic

St. Joe Lake carries a solid B grade — strong on most parameters, with measurements that hold up well across the summer season.

The lake sits in the mesotrophic zone — the band where most well-managed Minnesota lakes fall. The lake's 52 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. The lake is compact at 20 acres, with 0.9 miles of shoreline and little volume to buffer nutrient inputs. Within Carver County's 40 graded waters, St. Joe Lake sits at rank 8, near the top of the local distribution.

St. Joe Lake has no invasive species recorded in Minnesota state databases as of 2023, though prevention practices still apply at all access points. The fishery is bass-led, with 10 documented species across the lake's records. A documented public access point at St. Joe Lake makes the lake usable for shore fishing, paddle craft, and trailered boats. The lake has a long ice-out record — 25 observations on file, with a median ice-out around Apr 3. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2023-08-17. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Good for swimming, clear water with low algae levels

Water Quality Grade: B, Good

Good clarity, visible to about 10.5 ft. Trophic State Index: 43.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)10.5 ftB
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)43Mesotrophic

Moderate nutrients, good water quality

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth52 ft
Surface Area19.55 acres
Shoreline Length0.9 mi
Littoral Zone33%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

black bullhead,bluegill,bowfin (dogfish),brown bullhead,green sunfish,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,northern pike,pumpkinseed,yellow bullhead

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for St. Joe Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from St. Joe Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

St. Joe Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.231 m/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (36 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 3
Typical Ice-In
Nov 30

Estimated open water season: 241 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2024-03-03 (2024)2013-04-28 (2013)
Ice-In2019-11-12 (2019)2015-12-19 (2015)

Most recent ice-out: 2026-03-30

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #8 of 40 lakes in Carver County

Nearby Lakes in Carver County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

3 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 1994-06-21 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Bluegill62.810.13 lb
Black Bullhead26.020.21 lb
Green Sunfish6.780.09 lb
Hybrid Sunfish3.930.21 lb
Northern Pike3.920.82 lb
Pumpkinseed2.920.03 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

78 fish · 18 in · 1994-06-21
2814012345678

Black Bullhead

122 fish · 612 in · 1994-06-21
613106789101112

Green Sunfish

65 fish · 17 in · 1994-06-21
221101234567

Hybrid Sunfish

77 fish · 18 in · 1994-06-21
2412012345678

From the 1994-06-21 survey

St. Joe Lake currently has a fish population dominated by small black bullheads, northern pike and several species of panfish. Approximately 25 percent of individual bluegill and hybrid sunfish sampled were over 7.0 inches in length. Growth rate was found to be generally below average for all species present in the…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for St. Joe Lake. 2 reports on file.

EPA Impairment Status

St. Joe Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 5).

Causes of impairment

Impaired biota (cause unknown)Mercury

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN10-0009-00 · Official waterbody report · Matched by proximity (1.43 km)

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2023-08-17

Monitoring stations: 1