Skip to main content
LakeQuality
F

Loon Lake

Jackson County, MinnesotaHypereutrophic

On the LakeGrade rubric Loon Lake fails the cutoffs — a TSI of 82 and persistent algal pressure put it in the bottom tier. With clarity and phosphorus scored, the sub-grades cluster within a letter of each other, pointing to stable conditions rather than one specific stressor.

The hypereutrophic status — TSI 82 — reflects sustained heavy nutrient loading from the surrounding watershed and frequent algal pressure. Loon Lake is a shallow lake at 8 ft maximum depth, which means it warms quickly, mixes constantly, and amplifies nutrient inputs. At 708 acres, Loon Lake fits the Minnesota median for monitored lakes, with 6.3 miles of shoreline. Loon Lake ranks 6 of 7 in Jackson County — at the lower end of the locally monitored distribution.

Loon Lake has at least one documented invasive species (bighead carp), so boaters and anglers should observe clean-drain-dry steps when leaving the lake. Walleye are documented at Loon Lake, one of 18 fish species on record for the lake. Public access is available — the lake is on the Minnesota PCA public-access list. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2022-09-07. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

Track Loon Lake

Subscribe for LakeQuality updates by email. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.

Swimming Safety

Avoid swimming, very poor water quality, potential algae toxins

Water Quality Grade: F, Very Poor

Very murky, less than 0.9 ft of visibility. Phosphorus level: 274 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 82.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)0.9 ftF
Phosphorus274 µg/LF
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)82Hypereutrophic

Very high nutrients, dense algae, poor clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth8 ft
Surface Area707.68 acres
Shoreline Length6.3 mi
Littoral Zone100%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

bigmouth buffalo,black bullhead,black crappie,bluegill,channel catfish,common carp,freshwater drum,green sunfish,largemouth bass,northern pike,orangespotted sunfish,shortnose gar,walleye,white bass,white sucker,yellow bass,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Loon Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Loon Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Loon Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

bighead carpsilver carp

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 2 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.02 m/yr2
Phosphorus Improving-79 µg/L/yr2

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #6 of 7 lakes in Jackson County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Loon Lake holds Grade F. 2 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

See full comparison →

Nearby Lakes in Jackson County

Hypereutrophic Lakes in Minnesota

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

18 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2024-10-09 (Targeted Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Black Bullhead55.710.46 lb
Walleye23.391.79 lb
Fathead Minnow20.57
Largemouth Bass13.991.71 lb
Green Sunfish9.520.17 lb
OSS6.140.03 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Black Bullhead

156 fish · 413 in · 2024-07-08
3819045678910111213

Walleye

16 fish · 67 in · 2024-10-09
116067

Largemouth Bass

1 fish · 1010 in · 2024-07-08
1010

Green Sunfish

2 fish · 45 in · 2012-06-18
1045

From the 2024-10-09 survey

Loon Lake is a 738-acre class 43 lake with a maximum depth of 8 feet, located in Jackson County, approximately 10 miles south of the City of Lakefield near the Iowa-Minnesota border. The surrounding land use of Loon Lake is largely agricultural, resulting in nutrient rich, turbid water. Loon Lake is managed primarily…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Loon Lake. 3 reports on file.

Reservoir Info (USACE NID)

Loon Lake is a man-made reservoir impounded by the Loon Lake (completed 1935), built primarily for recreation on the LOON CREEK; gravity-type dam, 8 ft tall and 30 ft long.

Surface area
707 ac
Normal storage
3,000 ac-ft
Max storage
5,000 ac-ft
Drainage area
32 sq mi
Hazard class
Low
Owner
County of Jackson

Source: USACE National Inventory of Dams, NID ID MN00116 · Operator website

EPA Impairment Status

Loon Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN32-0020-00 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Most recent sample: 2022-09-07

Monitoring stations: 1