Skip to main content
LakeQuality
A

Birch Lake

Unknown County, MinnesotaLimited DataOligotrophic

On the LakeGrade rubric, Birch Lake pulls an A: clarity at 15.0 ft and phosphorus readings still being added put it in the top bracket for Minnesota. Clarity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a all rate similarly, so there is no obvious single lever to pull on watershed management.

Trophically, Birch Lake reads as oligotrophic — nutrient-poor, clear, and ecologically more sensitive to disturbance than richer lakes. Birch Lake reaches 34 ft at its deepest point — typical for Minnesota mid-sized lakes, with seasonal stratification but limited cold-water refuge. At 836 acres, Birch Lake fits the Minnesota median for monitored lakes, with 27.8 miles of shoreline. Among the 6 graded lakes in Unknown County, Birch Lake ranks 1 — in the top quartile locally.

No invasive species are currently listed at Birch Lake — the lake remains off the Minnesota infested-waters roster. Walleye are documented at Birch Lake, one of 10 fish species on record for the lake. No formal public access is documented at Birch Lake — most use is by shoreline residents and their guests. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-07-12. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Swimming Safety

Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae

Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent

Crystal clear, you can see 15 ft down. Trophic State Index: 38.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)15 ftA
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)38Oligotrophic

Low nutrients, clear water, excellent for swimming

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth34 ft
Surface Area836.35 acres
Shoreline Length27.8 mi
Littoral Zone41%
Public AccessNo

Fish Species

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Birch Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Birch Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Birch Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Water Quality Trend: Declining

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Declining-0.138 m/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #1 of 6 lakes in Unknown County

Nearby Lakes in Unknown County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

9 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2017-09-05 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Walleye7.491.61 lb
Tullibee (Cisco)6.150.64 lb
White Sucker4.192.8 lb
CIS3.500.57 lb
Bluegill2.350.19 lb
Northern Pike2.283.61 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Walleye

99 fish · 826 in · 2017-09-05
1680trophy 248101214161820222426

Tullibee (Cisco)

51 fish · 715 in · 2010-09-13
1790789101112131415

White Sucker

25 fish · 722 in · 2017-09-05
420810121416182022

CIS

21 fish · 1013 in · 2017-09-05
95010111213

From the 2017-09-05 survey

Birch Lake is located approximately 18 miles NE of Ely within the BWCAW. The northern half of the lake is part of Ontario's Quetico Provincial Park. Birch Lake is 836 acres with 397 of these acres in Minnesota. Visitors should be familiar with appropriate regulations when traveling these wilderness areas. Birch Lake…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Birch Lake. 1 report on file.

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Most recent sample: 2024-07-12

Monitoring stations: 15