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B

Big Wolf Lake

Hubbard County, MinnesotaLimited DataMesotrophic

Big Wolf Lake carries a solid B grade — strong on most parameters, with measurements that hold up well across the summer season.

A TSI near 42 places Big Wolf Lake in the mesotrophic band — moderate productivity, with seasonal swings between clearer spring water and richer late-summer conditions. The lake's 57 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. With 1,076 acres of surface and 8.0 miles of shoreline, Big Wolf Lake is a large water by Minnesota standards — recreational pressure is spread across a long shoreline. Within the 76 graded lakes of Hubbard County, Big Wolf Lake sits at rank 60, near the bottom of the county list.

Zebra mussels have been documented at Big Wolf Lake, which alters the filter-feeding balance and can paradoxically increase water clarity while disrupting the food web. Big Wolf Lake's fishery is anchored by muskellunge, with 18 documented species in total — a destination water for muskie anglers. Public access is available — the lake is on the Minnesota PCA public-access list. Ice-out has been recorded 9 times at Big Wolf Lake, with a median around Apr 25. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2025-10-08. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Good for swimming, clear water with low algae levels

Water Quality Grade: B, Good

Good clarity, visible to about 11.5 ft. Trophic State Index: 42.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)11.5 ftB
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)42Mesotrophic

Moderate nutrients, good water quality

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth57 ft
Surface Area1.1K acres
Shoreline Length8 mi
Littoral Zone36%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

black crappie,bluegill,bowfin (dogfish),brown bullhead,burbot,greater redhorse,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,muskellunge,northern pike,pumpkinseed,rock bass,shorthead redhorse,tullibee (cisco),walleye,white sucker,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Big Wolf Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Big Wolf Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Big Wolf Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

starry stonewortzebra mussel

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 4 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Stable+0.069 m/yr4
Phosphorus Improving-0.5 µg/L/yr2
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (13 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 25
Typical Ice-In
Dec 1

Estimated open water season: 220 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2021-04-05 (2021)2022-05-07 (2022)
Ice-In2023-11-28 (2023)2021-12-07 (2021)

Most recent ice-out: 2025-04-25

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #60 of 76 lakes in Hubbard County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Big Wolf Lake holds Grade B. 5 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

Nearby Lakes in Hubbard County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

10 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2025-08-07 (Targeted Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Yellow Perch38.460.17 lb
Bluntnose Minnow30.99
BKF25.99
Tullibee (Cisco)7.111.08 lb
MMS6.79
Walleye6.331.41 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Yellow Perch

589 fish · 410 in · 2019-07-08
222111045678910

Tullibee (Cisco)

19 fish · 1417 in · 2019-07-08
84014151617

Walleye

89 fish · 723 in · 2019-07-08
1470trophy 24810121416182022

From the 2025-08-07 survey

Temperature and dissolved oxygen measurements were collected from the deepest basin in Wolf Lake, which is located partially within the Leech Lake Reservation, on August 7th, 2025, to evaluate the quantity and quality of cold, oxygenated water (oxythermal habitat) available to coldwater fish species such as Cisco,…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Big Wolf Lake. 5 reports on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Big Wolf Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Mercury

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN04-0079-00 · Official waterbody report · Matched by proximity (1.71 km)

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2025-10-08

Monitoring stations: 1