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F

Yellowstone Lake

Lafayette County, WisconsinHypereutrophic

Yellowstone Lake grades an F: every scored parameter (clarity and phosphorus) rates poorly, placing it among the most stressed lakes monitored in Wisconsin. With clarity and phosphorus scored, the sub-grades cluster within a letter of each other, pointing to stable conditions rather than one specific stressor.

A TSI above 70 puts Yellowstone Lake in hypereutrophic territory: visible blooms are common, and clarity rarely climbs even in early summer. Yellowstone Lake is a shallow lake at 14 ft maximum depth, which means it warms quickly, mixes constantly, and amplifies nutrient inputs. The lake's 453 acres and partial shoreline records put it in the mid-range bucket — large enough for varied use, small enough that watershed inputs reach the whole basin. Within the 3 graded lakes of Lafayette County, Yellowstone Lake sits at rank 3, near the bottom of the county list.

An invasive species record — Curly-Leaf Pondweed — has been logged at Yellowstone Lake; Wisconsin DNR maintains the official infested-waters list. The fishery includes walleye among the lake's 6 documented species — a notable draw for Wisconsin anglers. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Wisconsin DNR Surface Water, last sampled 2025-09-09. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Avoid swimming, very poor water quality, potential algae toxins

Water Quality Grade: F, Very Poor

Very murky, less than 1.2 ft of visibility. Phosphorus level: 156 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 76.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)1.2 ftF
Phosphorus156 µg/LF
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)76Hypereutrophic

Very high nutrients, dense algae, poor clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth14 ft
Surface Area453 acres

Fish Species

Click a species to see all Wisconsin and Minnesota lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Yellowstone Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Yellowstone Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Yellowstone Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

Curly-Leaf PondweedPurple LoosestrifeRusty Crayfish

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.081 m/yr4
Phosphorus Improving-13.5 µg/L/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #3 of 3 lakes in Lafayette County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Yellowstone Lake holds Grade F. 2 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

See full comparison →

Nearby Lakes in Lafayette County

Hypereutrophic Lakes in Wisconsin

WI DNR Lake Profile

Authoritative data from the Wisconsin DNR LakePages. 2 stations on file (most recent sample 2025).

DNR Assessment
Poor · Reservoir lake
Trophic State Index 82 (hypereutrophic) · 5-year average

Fish Species (DNR-rated)

Panfish(Abundant)Musky(Common)Largemouth Bass(Common)Northern Pike(Present)Trout(Present)Walleye(Present)

DNR Reports & Resources

Wisconsin DNR Fisheries scientists publish multi-year survey reports for Yellowstone Lake covering fish populations, stocking, water quality, and management. 3 reports on file.

Reservoir Info (USACE NID)

Yellowstone Lake is a man-made reservoir impounded by the Yellowstone (completed 1953), built primarily for recreation; gravity-type dam, 32 ft tall and 1,370 ft long.

Surface area
455 ac
Normal storage
2,730 ac-ft
Max storage
6,400 ac-ft
Drainage area
41.7 sq mi
Hazard class
High
Owner
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

Source: USACE National Inventory of Dams, NID ID WI00071 · Operator website

EPA Impairment Status

Yellowstone Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 5).

Causes of impairment

Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit WI10009851 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Most recent sample: 2025-09-09

Monitoring stations: 3