Yellowstone Lake
Lafayette County, WisconsinHypereutrophic
Yellowstone Lake grades an F: every scored parameter (clarity and phosphorus) rates poorly, placing it among the most stressed lakes monitored in Wisconsin. With clarity and phosphorus scored, the sub-grades cluster within a letter of each other, pointing to stable conditions rather than one specific stressor.
A TSI above 70 puts Yellowstone Lake in hypereutrophic territory: visible blooms are common, and clarity rarely climbs even in early summer. Yellowstone Lake is a shallow lake at 14 ft maximum depth, which means it warms quickly, mixes constantly, and amplifies nutrient inputs. The lake's 453 acres and partial shoreline records put it in the mid-range bucket — large enough for varied use, small enough that watershed inputs reach the whole basin. Within the 3 graded lakes of Lafayette County, Yellowstone Lake sits at rank 3, near the bottom of the county list.
An invasive species record — Curly-Leaf Pondweed — has been logged at Yellowstone Lake; Wisconsin DNR maintains the official infested-waters list. The fishery includes walleye among the lake's 6 documented species — a notable draw for Wisconsin anglers. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.
Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Wisconsin DNR Surface Water, last sampled 2025-09-09. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.
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Swimming Safety
Avoid swimming, very poor water quality, potential algae toxins
Water Quality Grade: F, Very Poor
Very murky, less than 1.2 ft of visibility. Phosphorus level: 156 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 76.
| Metric | Value | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity (Secchi Depth) | 1.2 ft | F |
| Phosphorus | 156 µg/L | F |
| Chlorophyll-a (Algae) | No data | |
| Trophic State Index (TSI) | 76 | Hypereutrophic |
Very high nutrients, dense algae, poor clarity
Lake Details
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum Depth | 14 ft |
| Surface Area | 453 acres |
Fish Species
Click a species to see all Wisconsin and Minnesota lakes where it is found.
→ Best fishing times for Yellowstone Lake (14-day solunar calendar)
→ Is it safe to eat fish from Yellowstone Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)
→ Yellowstone Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)
Invasive & Introduced Species
Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.
Water Quality Trend: ↑ Improving
Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).
| Metric | Trend | Change/Year | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity | ↑ Improving | +0.081 m/yr | 4 |
| Phosphorus | ↑ Improving | -13.5 µg/L/yr | 5 |
Location
County Ranking
Ranked #3 of 3 lakes in Lafayette County
Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles
Yellowstone Lake holds Grade F. 2 nearby lakes hold higher grades.
- BBlack Hawk LakeIowa County · mi · Two grade letters higher (F → B)
- CHidden Valley LakeLafayette County · mi · Two grade letters higher (F → C)
Nearby Lakes in Lafayette County
More Wisconsin Lake Rankings
State Parks Near Yellowstone Lake
Other Grade F Lakes in Wisconsin
Hypereutrophic Lakes in Wisconsin
WI DNR Lake Profile
Authoritative data from the Wisconsin DNR LakePages. 2 stations on file (most recent sample 2025).
Fish Species (DNR-rated)
DNR Reports & Resources
Wisconsin DNR Fisheries scientists publish multi-year survey reports for Yellowstone Lake covering fish populations, stocking, water quality, and management. 3 reports on file.
- 2023Yellowstone Lake rough fish removal assessment, 2023Fisheries Survey · WI DNR · 2023 (PDF)
- 2018Yellowstone Lake comprehensive survey 2018Comprehensive Survey · WI DNR · 2018 (PDF)
- 2010Yellowstone Lake muskellunge 2010Musky Survey · WI DNR · 2010 (PDF)
Reservoir Info (USACE NID)
Yellowstone Lake is a man-made reservoir impounded by the Yellowstone (completed 1953), built primarily for recreation; gravity-type dam, 32 ft tall and 1,370 ft long.
- Surface area
- 455 ac
- Normal storage
- 2,730 ac-ft
- Max storage
- 6,400 ac-ft
- Drainage area
- 41.7 sq mi
- Hazard class
- High
- Owner
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
Source: USACE National Inventory of Dams, NID ID WI00071 · Operator website
EPA Impairment Status
Yellowstone Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 5).
Causes of impairment
Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit WI10009851 · Official waterbody report
Data Sources
Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal
Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database
Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards
Most recent sample: 2025-09-09
Monitoring stations: 3