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D

Little Cowhorn Lake

Itasca County, MinnesotaLimited DataEutrophic

Little Cowhorn Lake pulls a D on the LakeGrade rubric — phosphorus loading and limited clarity hold it below the Minnesota average.

Eutrophic conditions are the baseline here: clarity drops noticeably in late summer, and dissolved oxygen near the bottom can become a concern. A maximum depth of just 12 ft means sediment-bound phosphorus releases back into the water column whenever wind stirs the bottom — a classic shallow-lake dynamic. The lake's 181 acres and 2.4 miles of shoreline put it in the mid-range bucket — large enough for varied use, small enough that watershed inputs reach the whole basin. Little Cowhorn Lake ranks 134 of 141 in Itasca County — at the lower end of the locally monitored distribution.

No invasive species are currently listed at Little Cowhorn Lake — the lake remains off the Minnesota infested-waters roster. The state fisheries records do not list documented species for Little Cowhorn Lake, which usually reflects a lack of formal fisheries survey work rather than an empty lake. A documented public access point at Little Cowhorn Lake makes the lake usable for shore fishing, paddle craft, and trailered boats. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-09-24. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Swimming not recommended, poor water quality with high algae risk

Water Quality Grade: D, Poor

Murky, only visible to about 4 ft. Trophic State Index: 57.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)4 ftD
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)57Eutrophic

High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth12 ft
Surface Area181.31 acres
Shoreline Length2.4 mi
Littoral Zone100%
Public AccessYes

Water Quality Trend: Declining

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Declining-0.305 m/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #134 of 141 lakes in Itasca County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Little Cowhorn Lake holds Grade D. 2 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

Nearby Lakes in Itasca County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

1 survey on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 1992-07-08 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Black Bullhead65.960.11 lb
Brown Bullhead15.840.27 lb
Northern Pike7.082.86 lb
Yellow Perch5.830.38 lb
White Sucker1.331.55 lb
Pumpkinseed1.330.24 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

From the 1992-07-08 survey

Little Cowhorn Lake has a long history of low winter oxygen levels with many severe winterkills documented and several years when it was opened to "unlimited fishing". Northern pike rescue operations were done on the lake from the late 1930's to 1970, and walleye were reared in 1983 with no success. Fish populations…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Little Cowhorn Lake. 3 reports on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Little Cowhorn Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN31-0198-00 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Most recent sample: 2024-09-24

Monitoring stations: 1