Horseshoe Lake
Chisago County, MinnesotaEutrophic
Horseshoe Lake earns a C — middle-of-the-pack water quality, with one or two parameters dragging the average down from a stronger grade. Secchi readings are the weakest of the three parameters, suggesting suspended sediment or algal biomass dominates the optical signal.
Eutrophic conditions are the baseline here: clarity drops noticeably in late summer, and dissolved oxygen near the bottom can become a concern. The lake's 53 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. At 224 acres, Horseshoe Lake fits the Minnesota median for monitored lakes, with 4.1 miles of shoreline. Horseshoe Lake ranks 13 of 31 in Chisago County — solidly in the upper half of the local distribution.
No invasive species are currently listed at Horseshoe Lake — the lake remains off the Minnesota infested-waters roster. Bass fishing is part of the appeal: the species list runs to 14, anchored by largemouth and/or smallmouth bass. Public access is available — the lake is on the Minnesota PCA public-access list. Multiple sampling years from Minnesota PCA volunteers and partner agencies back the grade, so the letter should hold steady absent a major watershed shift.
Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-09-24. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.
Swimming Safety
Generally safe for swimming, moderate water quality
Water Quality Grade: C, Fair
Murky, only visible to about 4.6 ft. Phosphorus level: 28.5 µg/L. Chlorophyll-a: 5.5 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 52.
| Metric | Value | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity (Secchi Depth) | 4.6 ft | D |
| Phosphorus | 28.5 µg/L | B |
| Chlorophyll-a (Algae) | 5.5 µg/L | B |
| Trophic State Index (TSI) | 52 | Eutrophic |
High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity
Lake Details
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum Depth | 53 ft |
| Average Depth | 13 ft |
| Surface Area | 224.04 acres |
| Shoreline Length | 4.1 mi |
| Littoral Zone | 50% |
| Public Access | Yes |
Fish Species
Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.
→ Best fishing times for Horseshoe Lake (14-day solunar calendar)
→ Is it safe to eat fish from Horseshoe Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)
→ Horseshoe Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)
Water Quality Trend: ↑ Improving
Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).
| Metric | Trend | Change/Year | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity | ↑ Improving | +0.05 m/yr | 5 |
| Phosphorus | ↑ Improving | -4.4 µg/L/yr | 5 |
| Chlorophyll-a | ↑ Improving | -6.65 µg/L/yr | 3 |
Location
County Ranking
Ranked #13 of 31 lakes in Chisago County
Nearby Lakes in Chisago County
More Minnesota Lake Rankings
State Parks Near Horseshoe Lake
Other Grade C Lakes in Minnesota
Eutrophic Lakes in Minnesota
DNR Fisheries Survey Summary
9 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2025-08-28 (Targeted Survey).
Top Species by Catch Rate
| Species | Avg CPUE | Avg Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Black Bullhead | 37.71 | 0.25 lb |
| CNM | 35.37 | — |
| Bluegill | 21.87 | 0.2 lb |
| Green Sunfish | 10.71 | 0.07 lb |
| Largemouth Bass | 9.29 | 1.44 lb |
| Black Crappie | 8.92 | 0.18 lb |
CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.
Length Distributions
Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.
Black Bullhead
Bluegill
Green Sunfish
Largemouth Bass
From the 2025-08-28 survey
A targeted survey of nearshore fish species in Horseshoe Lake was conducted on August 28, 2025, by Lake Biological Monitoring and Assessment (LBMA) Program staff. Sampling sites were evenly spaced around the lake, and each was sampled by backpack electrofishing and seining with a 50-foot or 15-foot seine, where…
DNR Reports & Resources
Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Horseshoe Lake. 2 reports on file.
- —Fisheries Lake Survey — HorseshoeFisheries Lake Survey · MN DNR LakeFinder
- —Public Water Access Sites — HorseshoePublic Water Access Sites · MN DNR LakeFinder
Data Sources
Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal
Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards
Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder
Most recent sample: 2024-09-24
Monitoring stations: 1