Great Northern Lake
Stearns County, MinnesotaLimited DataEutrophic
On the scoring rubric Great Northern Lake grades a D: clarity at 4.0 ft and phosphorus readings still being added keep it in the lower bracket for Stearns County.
A TSI in the eutrophic range signals a lake doing what nutrient-loaded waters do — supporting an active algal community at the cost of clear water. Great Northern Lake reaches 16 ft at its deepest point — typical for Minnesota mid-sized lakes, with seasonal stratification but limited cold-water refuge. At 196 acres, Great Northern Lake fits the Minnesota median for monitored lakes, with 6.0 miles of shoreline. Within the 55 graded lakes of Stearns County, Great Northern Lake sits at rank 42, near the bottom of the county list.
Zebra mussels have been documented at Great Northern Lake, which alters the filter-feeding balance and can paradoxically increase water clarity while disrupting the food web. Great Northern Lake's fishery is anchored by muskellunge, with 21 documented species in total — a destination water for muskie anglers. The lake lacks a documented public access point, so visitor use is limited. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.
Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-10. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.
Track Great Northern Lake
Subscribe for LakeQuality updates by email. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Swimming Safety
Swimming not recommended, poor water quality with high algae risk
Water Quality Grade: D, Poor
Murky, only visible to about 4 ft. Trophic State Index: 57.
| Metric | Value | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity (Secchi Depth) | 4 ft | D |
| Phosphorus | No data | |
| Chlorophyll-a (Algae) | No data | |
| Trophic State Index (TSI) | 57 | Eutrophic |
High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity
Lake Details
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum Depth | 16.2 ft |
| Average Depth | 6.1 ft |
| Surface Area | 195.9 acres |
| Shoreline Length | 6 mi |
| Littoral Zone | 95% |
| Public Access | No |
Fish Species
Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.
→ Best fishing times for Great Northern Lake (14-day solunar calendar)
→ Is it safe to eat fish from Great Northern Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)
→ Great Northern Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)
Invasive & Introduced Species
Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.
Water Quality Trend: → Stable
Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).
| Metric | Trend | Change/Year | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity | ↑ Improving | +0.539 m/yr | 5 |
| Phosphorus | ↓ Declining | +33.5 µg/L/yr | 2 |
Ice Season
Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (3 observations).
| Earliest | Latest | |
|---|---|---|
| Ice-Out | 2025-03-29 (2025) | 2023-04-16 (2023) |
Most recent ice-out: 2025-03-29
Location
County Ranking
Ranked #42 of 55 lakes in Stearns County
Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles
Great Northern Lake holds Grade D. 2 nearby lakes hold higher grades.
Nearby Lakes in Stearns County
More Minnesota Lake Rankings
Other Grade D Lakes in Minnesota
Eutrophic Lakes in Minnesota
DNR Fisheries Survey Summary
19 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2025-10-15 (Targeted Survey).
Top Species by Catch Rate
| Species | Avg CPUE | Avg Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Walleye | 53.70 | 1.52 lb |
| Bluntnose Minnow | 46.90 | — |
| Black Crappie | 34.74 | 0.32 lb |
| Spottail Shiner | 19.36 | — |
| Channel Catfish | 19.26 | 1.84 lb |
| Largemouth Bass | 15.02 | 0.63 lb |
CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.
Length Distributions
Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.
Walleye
Black Crappie
Channel Catfish
Largemouth Bass
From the 2025-10-15 survey
The Sauk River Chain of Lakes (SRCL) is located in south-central Stearns County near the city of Cold Spring. A dam on the Sauk River built in the early 1900s created the SRCL and provides access to over 3,200 acres of connected water, including Bolfing, Great Northern, Knaus, Krays, Schneider, Zumwalde, Cedar Island,…
DNR Reports & Resources
Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Great Northern Lake. 1 report on file.
- —Fisheries Lake Survey — Great NorthernFisheries Lake Survey · MN DNR LakeFinder
EPA Impairment Status
Great Northern Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).
Causes of impairment
A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.
Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN73-0083-00 · Official waterbody report
Data Sources
Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal
Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database
Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards
Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder
Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate
Most recent sample: 2024-10-10
Monitoring stations: 1