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D

Great Northern Lake

Stearns County, MinnesotaLimited DataEutrophic

On the scoring rubric Great Northern Lake grades a D: clarity at 4.0 ft and phosphorus readings still being added keep it in the lower bracket for Stearns County.

A TSI in the eutrophic range signals a lake doing what nutrient-loaded waters do — supporting an active algal community at the cost of clear water. Great Northern Lake reaches 16 ft at its deepest point — typical for Minnesota mid-sized lakes, with seasonal stratification but limited cold-water refuge. At 196 acres, Great Northern Lake fits the Minnesota median for monitored lakes, with 6.0 miles of shoreline. Within the 55 graded lakes of Stearns County, Great Northern Lake sits at rank 42, near the bottom of the county list.

Zebra mussels have been documented at Great Northern Lake, which alters the filter-feeding balance and can paradoxically increase water clarity while disrupting the food web. Great Northern Lake's fishery is anchored by muskellunge, with 21 documented species in total — a destination water for muskie anglers. The lake lacks a documented public access point, so visitor use is limited. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-10. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Swimming not recommended, poor water quality with high algae risk

Water Quality Grade: D, Poor

Murky, only visible to about 4 ft. Trophic State Index: 57.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)4 ftD
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)57Eutrophic

High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth16.2 ft
Average Depth6.1 ft
Surface Area195.9 acres
Shoreline Length6 mi
Littoral Zone95%
Public AccessNo

Fish Species

black bullhead,black crappie,bluegill,bowfin (dogfish),brown bullhead,channel catfish,common carp,greater redhorse,green sunfish,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,muskellunge,northern pike,pumpkinseed,shorthead redhorse,silver redhorse,smallmouth bass,walleye,white sucker,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Great Northern Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Great Northern Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Great Northern Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

Eurasian watermilfoilzebra mussel

Water Quality Trend: Stable

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.539 m/yr5
Phosphorus Declining+33.5 µg/L/yr2
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (3 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Mar 29
EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2025-03-29 (2025)2023-04-16 (2023)

Most recent ice-out: 2025-03-29

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #42 of 55 lakes in Stearns County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Great Northern Lake holds Grade D. 2 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

Nearby Lakes in Stearns County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

19 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2025-10-15 (Targeted Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Walleye53.701.52 lb
Bluntnose Minnow46.90
Black Crappie34.740.32 lb
Spottail Shiner19.36
Channel Catfish19.261.84 lb
Largemouth Bass15.020.63 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Walleye

17 fish · 1127 in · 2025-10-15
530trophy 241214161820222426

Black Crappie

9 fish · 410 in · 2024-07-29
530trophy 1045678910

Channel Catfish

9 fish · 1722 in · 2024-07-29
210171819202122

Largemouth Bass

8 fish · 416 in · 2024-07-29
32045678910111213141516

From the 2025-10-15 survey

The Sauk River Chain of Lakes (SRCL) is located in south-central Stearns County near the city of Cold Spring. A dam on the Sauk River built in the early 1900s created the SRCL and provides access to over 3,200 acres of connected water, including Bolfing, Great Northern, Knaus, Krays, Schneider, Zumwalde, Cedar Island,…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Great Northern Lake. 1 report on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Great Northern Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN73-0083-00 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-10-10

Monitoring stations: 1