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LakeQuality
A

Bay Lake

Crow Wing County, MinnesotaOligotrophic

Bay Lake earns an A — water clarity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a all rate among the best monitored waters in Crow Wing County. Clarity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a all rate similarly, so there is no obvious single lever to pull on watershed management.

The lake's low TSI puts it in oligotrophic territory — the cleanest of the four trophic classes, but also the most vulnerable to nutrient-driven shifts. The lake's 74 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. At 2,330 acres, Bay Lake is one of the larger lakes in Crow Wing County, with 24.1 miles of shoreline supporting multiple distinct use patterns. Within Crow Wing County's 120 graded waters, Bay Lake sits at rank 21, near the top of the local distribution.

Bay Lake is on the Minnesota infested-waters list for zebra mussels — boaters should follow clean-drain-dry protocols when moving gear to or from the lake. Walleye are documented at Bay Lake, one of 13 fish species on record for the lake. A documented public access point at Bay Lake makes the lake usable for shore fishing, paddle craft, and trailered boats. Ice-out has been recorded 12 times at Bay Lake, with a median around Apr 18. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-20. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Swimming Safety

Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae

Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent

Crystal clear, you can see 19 ft down. Phosphorus level: 11 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 37.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)19 ftA
Phosphorus11 µg/LA
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)37Oligotrophic

Low nutrients, clear water, excellent for swimming

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth74 ft
Surface Area2.3K acres
Shoreline Length24.1 mi
Littoral Zone43%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Bay Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Bay Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Bay Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive Species

Eurasian watermilfoilzebra mussel

Water Quality Trend: Stable

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Stable-0.085 m/yr5
Phosphorus Stable+0.1 µg/L/yr5

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (26 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 18
Typical Ice-In
Nov 27

Estimated open water season: 223 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2024-03-13 (2024)2013-05-11 (2013)
Ice-In2019-11-08 (2019)2001-12-21 (2001)

Most recent ice-out: 2025-04-10

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #21 of 120 lakes in Crow Wing County

Nearby Lakes in Crow Wing County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

10 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2021-06-14 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Bluntnose Minnow31.39
Bluegill26.290.15 lb
Largemouth Bass12.360.99 lb
Northern Pike7.771.43 lb
PGS5.59
TPM4.47

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

150 fish · 28 in · 2021-06-14
361802345678

Largemouth Bass

147 fish · 517 in · 2021-06-14
35180567891011121314151617

Northern Pike

168 fish · 1035 in · 2021-06-14
26130trophy 3610121416182022242628303234

From the 2021-06-14 survey

Bay Lake is a popular 2,392 acre lake located five miles south of Deerwood in Crow Wing County. Development is heavy on its 24.3 miles of shoreline. Maximum depth is 74 feet, with 42% of the lake 15 feet deep or less. The lone public access located on the west shore of the northwest bay can get very crowded at times.…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Bay Lake. 4 reports on file.

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-10-20

Monitoring stations: 5