Bay Lake
Crow Wing County, MinnesotaOligotrophic
Bay Lake earns an A — water clarity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a all rate among the best monitored waters in Crow Wing County. Clarity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a all rate similarly, so there is no obvious single lever to pull on watershed management.
The lake's low TSI puts it in oligotrophic territory — the cleanest of the four trophic classes, but also the most vulnerable to nutrient-driven shifts. The lake's 74 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. At 2,330 acres, Bay Lake is one of the larger lakes in Crow Wing County, with 24.1 miles of shoreline supporting multiple distinct use patterns. Within Crow Wing County's 120 graded waters, Bay Lake sits at rank 21, near the top of the local distribution.
Bay Lake is on the Minnesota infested-waters list for zebra mussels — boaters should follow clean-drain-dry protocols when moving gear to or from the lake. Walleye are documented at Bay Lake, one of 13 fish species on record for the lake. A documented public access point at Bay Lake makes the lake usable for shore fishing, paddle craft, and trailered boats. Ice-out has been recorded 12 times at Bay Lake, with a median around Apr 18. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.
Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-20. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.
Swimming Safety
Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae
Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent
Crystal clear, you can see 19 ft down. Phosphorus level: 11 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 37.
| Metric | Value | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity (Secchi Depth) | 19 ft | A |
| Phosphorus | 11 µg/L | A |
| Chlorophyll-a (Algae) | No data | |
| Trophic State Index (TSI) | 37 | Oligotrophic |
Low nutrients, clear water, excellent for swimming
Lake Details
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum Depth | 74 ft |
| Surface Area | 2.3K acres |
| Shoreline Length | 24.1 mi |
| Littoral Zone | 43% |
| Public Access | Yes |
Fish Species
Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.
→ Best fishing times for Bay Lake (14-day solunar calendar)
→ Is it safe to eat fish from Bay Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)
→ Bay Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)
Invasive Species
Water Quality Trend: → Stable
Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).
| Metric | Trend | Change/Year | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity | → Stable | -0.085 m/yr | 5 |
| Phosphorus | → Stable | +0.1 µg/L/yr | 5 |
Ice Season
Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (26 observations).
Estimated open water season: 223 days
| Earliest | Latest | |
|---|---|---|
| Ice-Out | 2024-03-13 (2024) | 2013-05-11 (2013) |
| Ice-In | 2019-11-08 (2019) | 2001-12-21 (2001) |
Most recent ice-out: 2025-04-10
Location
County Ranking
Ranked #21 of 120 lakes in Crow Wing County
Nearby Lakes in Crow Wing County
More Minnesota Lake Rankings
State Parks Near Bay Lake
Other Grade A Lakes in Minnesota
Oligotrophic Lakes in Minnesota
DNR Fisheries Survey Summary
10 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2021-06-14 (Standard Survey).
Top Species by Catch Rate
| Species | Avg CPUE | Avg Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Bluntnose Minnow | 31.39 | — |
| Bluegill | 26.29 | 0.15 lb |
| Largemouth Bass | 12.36 | 0.99 lb |
| Northern Pike | 7.77 | 1.43 lb |
| PGS | 5.59 | — |
| TPM | 4.47 | — |
CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.
Length Distributions
Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.
Bluegill
Largemouth Bass
Northern Pike
From the 2021-06-14 survey
Bay Lake is a popular 2,392 acre lake located five miles south of Deerwood in Crow Wing County. Development is heavy on its 24.3 miles of shoreline. Maximum depth is 74 feet, with 42% of the lake 15 feet deep or less. The lone public access located on the west shore of the northwest bay can get very crowded at times.…
DNR Reports & Resources
Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Bay Lake. 4 reports on file.
- —Fisheries Lake Survey — BayFisheries Lake Survey · MN DNR LakeFinder
- —Aquatic Plant Report — Bay (0010)Aquatic Plant Report · MN DNR LakeFinder
- —Fish Stocking History — BayFish Stocking History · MN DNR LakeFinder
- —Public Water Access Sites — BayPublic Water Access Sites · MN DNR LakeFinder
Data Sources
Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal
Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards
Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder
Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate
Most recent sample: 2024-10-20
Monitoring stations: 5