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Union Lake

Polk County, MinnesotaMesotrophic

Union Lake sits at the top of the Minnesota PCA grading rubric with an A, a mark reached by the cleanest lakes in Minnesota. With clarity and phosphorus scored, the sub-grades cluster within a letter of each other, pointing to stable conditions rather than one specific stressor.

Mesotrophic conditions dominate at Union Lake: enough nutrients for a healthy fishery, not so much that algal blooms become a chronic problem. The lake's maximum depth is not yet documented in state morphometric records — context for its physical structure remains limited. The lake's surface area is not consistently recorded across state datasets — physical context remains partial. Union Lake ranks 1 of 20 in Polk County, putting it in the upper tier of locally monitored lakes.

No invasive species are currently listed at Union Lake — the lake remains off the Minnesota infested-waters roster. The state fisheries records do not list documented species for Union Lake, which usually reflects a lack of formal fisheries survey work rather than an empty lake. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-09-24. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae

Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent

Good clarity, visible to about 14.5 ft. Phosphorus level: 14 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 40.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)14.5 ftB
Phosphorus14 µg/LA
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)40Mesotrophic

Moderate nutrients, good water quality

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.353 m/yr5
Phosphorus Improving-0.7 µg/L/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #1 of 20 lakes in Polk County

Nearby Lakes in Polk County

EPA Impairment Status

Union Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Mercury

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN60-0217-00 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Most recent sample: 2024-09-24

Monitoring stations: 2