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B

Buffalo Lake

Becker County, MinnesotaLimited DataMesotrophic

Buffalo Lake carries a solid B grade — strong on most parameters, with measurements that hold up well across the summer season.

A TSI near 43 places Buffalo Lake in the mesotrophic band — moderate productivity, with seasonal swings between clearer spring water and richer late-summer conditions. The lake bottoms out at 38 ft — a moderate depth that supports a warm-water fishery without the year-round cold refuge a deeper basin provides. At 418 acres, Buffalo Lake fits the Minnesota median for monitored lakes, with 7.6 miles of shoreline. Within Becker County's 93 graded lakes, Buffalo Lake ranks 49 — below the local median, though not at the bottom.

Zebra mussels have been documented at Buffalo Lake, which alters the filter-feeding balance and can paradoxically increase water clarity while disrupting the food web. The fishery includes walleye among the lake's 14 documented species — a notable draw for Minnesota anglers. Public access is available — the lake is on the Minnesota PCA public-access list. Ice-out has been recorded 8 times at Buffalo Lake, with a median around Apr 18. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-09-26. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Good for swimming, clear water with low algae levels

Water Quality Grade: B, Good

Good clarity, visible to about 10.8 ft. Trophic State Index: 43.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)10.8 ftB
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)43Mesotrophic

Moderate nutrients, good water quality

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth38 ft
Surface Area417.57 acres
Shoreline Length7.6 mi
Littoral Zone46%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

black bullhead,black crappie,bluegill,brown bullhead,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,northern pike,pumpkinseed,rock bass,tullibee (cisco),walleye,white sucker,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Buffalo Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Buffalo Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Buffalo Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

zebra mussel

Water Quality Trend: Stable

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Stable-0.045 m/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (10 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 18
EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2021-04-03 (2021)2022-05-06 (2022)
Ice-In2023-11-25 (2023)2024-11-29 (2024)

Most recent ice-out: 2024-04-06

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #49 of 93 lakes in Becker County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Buffalo Lake holds Grade B. 2 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

Nearby Lakes in Becker County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

10 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2022-06-13 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Bluegill25.120.26 lb
Yellow Perch11.030.16 lb
Black Bullhead8.980.39 lb
Largemouth Bass7.601.42 lb
Yellow Bass7.310.61 lb
Tullibee (Cisco)5.801.72 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

862 fish · 39 in · 2022-06-13
2921460trophy 103456789

Yellow Perch

79 fish · 58 in · 2022-06-13
502505678

Black Bullhead

4 fish · 1012 in · 2022-06-13
320101112

Largemouth Bass

11 fish · 1017 in · 2022-06-13
4201011121314151617

From the 2022-06-13 survey

Buffalo Lake is a 376-acre, class 25 lake located in central Becker County near the community of Richwood. It is long and narrow with one bay extending north to the southern boundary of the White Earth Indian Reservation. Although it lies near the headwaters of the Buffalo River, it is the furthest downstream major…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Buffalo Lake. 4 reports on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Buffalo Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Mercury

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN03-0350-00 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-09-26

Monitoring stations: 1