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LakeQuality
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Bad Medicine Lake

Becker County, MinnesotaOligotrophic

On the LakeGrade rubric, Bad Medicine Lake pulls an A: clarity at 25.0 ft and 6 µg/L of phosphorus put it in the top bracket for Minnesota. The three sub-grades — clarity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a — track close together, so no single parameter is dragging the average.

Trophically, Bad Medicine Lake reads as oligotrophic — nutrient-poor, clear, and ecologically more sensitive to disturbance than richer lakes. The lake's 84 ft maximum depth is in the upper tier for Minnesota — deep enough for cold-water fish to find refuge in summer. Bad Medicine Lake covers 803 acres alongside 12.8 miles of shoreline — a mid-sized water that supports a working fishery without being so large that conditions diverge between basins. Within Becker County's 93 graded waters, Bad Medicine Lake sits at rank 1, near the top of the local distribution.

Bad Medicine Lake has no invasive species recorded in Minnesota state databases as of 2024, though prevention practices still apply at all access points. Walleye are documented at Bad Medicine Lake, one of 13 fish species on record for the lake. Public access is available — the lake is on the Minnesota PCA public-access list. The lake has a long ice-out record — 52 observations on file, with a median ice-out around Apr 22. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-21. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Swimming Safety

Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae

Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent

Crystal clear, you can see 25 ft down. Phosphorus level: 6 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 30.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)25 ftA
Phosphorus6 µg/LA
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)30Oligotrophic

Low nutrients, clear water, excellent for swimming

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth84 ft
Surface Area803.03 acres
Shoreline Length12.8 mi
Littoral Zone36%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Bad Medicine Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Bad Medicine Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Bad Medicine Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Water Quality Trend: Stable

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Stable-0.096 m/yr5
Phosphorus Stable0 µg/L/yr3

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (100 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 22
Typical Ice-In
Dec 1

Estimated open water season: 223 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2021-04-06 (2021)1979-05-11 (1979)
Ice-In1996-11-19 (1996)2015-12-20 (2015)

Most recent ice-out: 2024-04-09

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #1 of 93 lakes in Becker County

Nearby Lakes in Becker County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

14 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2022-07-11 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
OTM74.60
White Sucker34.172.4 lb
Bluntnose Minnow18.29
MMS15.23
Largemouth Bass10.281.25 lb
Spottail Shiner9.62

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

White Sucker

15 fish · 1522 in · 2022-07-11
7401516171819202122

Largemouth Bass

1 fish · 2020 in · 2012-06-25
10trophy 2020

From the 2022-07-11 survey

Bad Medicine is a four mile long, narrow, 800-acre, 84 foot deep, clear water lake located in northeastern Becker County and within the White Earth Indian Reservation. The lake has steep, primarily rocky, slopes near shore. Although the lake lies within the Mississippi River drainage, it has no outlet and is primarily…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Bad Medicine Lake. 4 reports on file.

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-10-21

Monitoring stations: 4