Updated August 2026
Cleanest Lakes in Illinois: Top 6 Ranked by Water Quality
Ranked from the Illinois lakes with enough nutrient and algae sampling to compare. Lakes with fewer than three sampling years, and lakes nobody has sampled, are not ranked here.
The single cleanest lake in Illinois is Lake Calumet, ranked first on its measured clarity and nutrients in the 2026 sampling record. Cleanliness here is measured by Secchi depth (clarity), total phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a — all sourced from EPA Water Quality Portal and state agency sampling, shown as reported. The full top 6 ranked list appears below.
Ranking the cleanest Illinois lakes means picking the basins with the lowest nutrient and algae readings, then the clearer water among lakes that tie. Lake Calumet leads the list, with Kinkaid Lake close behind.
The top of the cleanest-lakes list is dominated by deep, glacial, cold-water basins — the same basins that carry the lowest nutrient readings overall. The pattern is not coincidence: depth and watershed land-use are the dominant inputs to water-clarity and nutrient-loading both.
| Rank | Lake | County | Clarity | Phosphorus | Chlorophyll-a | Area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lake Calumet | Cook | 4.1 ft | 16.5 µg/L | 5.4 µg/L | 0 acres |
| 2 | Kinkaid Lake | Jackson | — | 23.5 µg/L | 15.8 µg/L | 2,500 acres |
| 3 | Long Lake | Lake | 3.4 ft | 81 µg/L | 57.1 µg/L | - |
| 4 | Salem Lake | Marion | 1 ft | 234 µg/L | 77.5 µg/L | 78 acres |
| 5 | Vandalia Lake | Fayette | 1.3 ft | 103.5 µg/L | 84.4 µg/L | - |
| 6 | Fairfield Lake | Wayne | 1.3 ft | 148 µg/L | 35.4 µg/L | 18 acres |
Get updates when Illinois's cleanest-lake list changes
New nutrient and algae samples can move a lake up or down this ranking. Unsubscribe anytime.
Clearest lakes in Illinois by water clarity
“Clearest” ranks by Secchi depth — how far you can see into the water — which can differ from the combined cleanliness score above. The clearest water in Illinois is Loch Lomond Lake at 16.5 ft of Secchi visibility.
- 1. Loch Lomond Lake — 16.5 ft, Lake County
- 2. Axehead Lake — 11.9 ft, Cook County
- 3. Timber Lake — 11.5 ft, Carroll County
- 4. Timber Lake — 10.6 ft, Lake County
- 5. Baumann Park Lake — 10.2 ft, Winnebago County
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the cleanest lake in Illinois?
Lake Calumet ranks first on measured clarity and nutrients in the 2026 Illinois sampling record. Each lake's nutrient and algae readings — total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chlorophyll-a, and turbidity — are shown beside the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2022 condition class for that lake's own ecoregion, so a reading is compared against the lakes it would naturally resemble. LakeQuality publishes no letter grade. Cleanliness here means a low nutrient load and little algae, measured directly from EPA and state DNR samples; where two lakes tie on nutrients and algae, the deeper Secchi reading ranks first.
Where in Illinois has the cleanest water?
Illinois's clearest waters are concentrated in deeper, lower-nutrient glacial basins with forested or low-agriculture watersheds. Among the current top-ranked lakes above, counties like Cook, Jackson, and Lake produce the highest-scoring lakes.
What is the clearest lake in Illinois?
Loch Lomond Lake is the clearest lake in Illinois by water clarity, with a Secchi depth of 16.5 feet — the deepest transparency in our 2026 dataset. "Clearest" ranks by Secchi depth (how far you can see into the water) specifically, while "cleanest" combines clarity with phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. See our full clearest-lakes ranking for Illinois for the top 25 by Secchi clarity.
Are these lakes safe to swim in?
Not on these readings alone. Clarity and nutrient readings are not a swimming clearance: they do not measure E. coli, cyanotoxins, or a posted beach closure, and a lake with low chlorophyll-a can still bloom. Always check current posted advisories before swimming: water quality changes seasonally, especially in late summer when blue-green algae bloom risk peaks.
How is this ranking calculated?
Lakes are ranked on phosphorus, chlorophyll-a and clarity as measured by EPA and state agency sampling, read against EPA National Lakes Assessment 2022 condition classes for that lake’s ecoregion, not a Illinois-only 0–100 average. Water clarity is shown beside the nutrient readings. Lakes with limited sampling do not headline the table.
What are the top 5 cleanest lakes in the US?
There is no single national ranking of cleanest lakes — each state agency uses different metrics. Crater Lake (Oregon) is widely cited as the clearest US lake, with Secchi depths over 30 m. Lake Tahoe and Lake Superior are also top-tier nationally. Within Illinois, the 6 lakes ranked above have the lowest nutrient and algae readings in our 2026 dataset.
How we rank cleanest lakes
Cleanliness here means three things working together:
- Secchi clarity — how deep you can see into the water (in feet). Greater depth = clearer water = lower suspended sediment and algae.
- Total phosphorus — the nutrient that fuels algae. Lower phosphorus levels mean less algae growth potential.
- Chlorophyll-a — the green pigment in algae. Direct measurement of how much algae is currently in the water.
Each signal is normalized against Illinois state norms and combined into a single 0–100 score. The lakes above are sorted by that combined score.Full methodology →
More on clean water
How nutrient and algae readings are read against EPA ecoregion condition classes, what each class means in the water, and why a clean reading is not a clearance.
The cleanest U.S. lakes under 500 acres, ranked on measured nutrients, algae, and water clarity — with the size cutoff applied to the lake, not the sample.
A practical checklist for picking a lake with good water quality — clarity, phosphorus, algae history, depth, and the data to check before you commit.
Where to stay near Illinois's cleanest lakes
Compare cabins, resorts, and rentals around Lake Calumet and the other lakes in this ranking, with live availability and prices for your trip. Each pin on the map is one of the ranked lakes above.
Top-rated places to stay near Lake Calumet
Prices for Oct 30–Nov 1, 4 adults. Change dates on the map below.
Availability and prices from Stay22 partners (Booking.com, Vrbo, Expedia). We may earn a commission from bookings, at no extra cost to you.
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Source: EPA National Aquatic Resource Surveys, 2026.