Lake Koshkonong
Jefferson County, WisconsinHypereutrophic
On the LakeGrade rubric Lake Koshkonong fails the cutoffs — a TSI of 77 and persistent algal pressure put it in the bottom tier. Sub-grades cluster within a single letter of each other, which usually means the lake is in stable trophic balance rather than fighting one specific stressor.
A TSI above 70 puts Lake Koshkonong in hypereutrophic territory: visible blooms are common, and clarity rarely climbs even in early summer. Lake Koshkonong is a shallow lake at 7 ft maximum depth, which means it warms quickly, mixes constantly, and amplifies nutrient inputs. With 10,595 acres of surface and partial shoreline records, Lake Koshkonong is a large water by Wisconsin standards — recreational pressure is spread across a long shoreline. Within the 8 graded lakes of Jefferson County, Lake Koshkonong sits at rank 8, near the bottom of the county list.
Lake Koshkonong is on the Wisconsin infested-waters list for zebra mussels — boaters should follow clean-drain-dry protocols when moving gear to or from the lake. The fishery includes walleye alongside the lake's other 7 documented species — a notable draw for Wisconsin anglers. Public access is available — the lake is on the Wisconsin DNR public-access list. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.
Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Wisconsin DNR Surface Water, last sampled 2026-05-14. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.
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Lake Koshkonong Water Quality Report Card (2026)
A printable one-page report card for Lake Koshkonong: grade, clarity, phosphorus, algae, multi-year trend, depth, and fish — with sources.
Swimming Safety
Avoid swimming, very poor water quality, potential algae toxins
Water Quality Grade: F, Very Poor
Very murky, less than 1.7 ft of visibility. Phosphorus level: 287 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 77.
| Metric | Value | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity (Secchi Depth) | 1.7 ft | F |
| Phosphorus | 287 µg/L | F |
| Chlorophyll-a (Algae) | No data | |
| Trophic State Index (TSI) | 77 | Hypereutrophic |
Very high nutrients, dense algae, poor clarity
Lake Details
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum Depth | 7 ft |
| Surface Area | 10,595 acres |
| Public Access | Yes |
Fish Species
Click a species to see every graded lake where it is documented.
→ Best fishing times for Lake Koshkonong (14-day solunar calendar)
→ Is it safe to eat fish from Lake Koshkonong? (mercury & PFAS guide)
→ Lake Koshkonong fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)
Invasive & Introduced Species
Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.
Water Quality Trend: ↑ Improving
Based on 4 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).
| Metric | Trend | Change/Year | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity | → Stable | +0.015 m/yr | 4 |
| Phosphorus | ↑ Improving | -25.2 µg/L/yr | 4 |
Recreation & Access
Current Conditions
Latest reading Jul 6, 2026, 5:00 AM from USGS gauge 05427235. See live data ↗ — readings update every 15–60 minutes; this page refreshes on each build.
Location
County Ranking
Ranked #8 of 8 lakes in Jefferson County
Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles
Lake Koshkonong holds Grade F. 4 nearby lakes hold higher grades.
- BLake RipleyJefferson County · mi · Two grade letters higher (F → B)
- CRed Cedar LakeJefferson County · mi · Two grade letters higher (F → C)
- DClear LakeRock County · mi · Higher grade (F → D)
- DMud LakeJefferson County · mi · Higher grade (F → D)
Nearby Lakes in Jefferson County
More Wisconsin Lake Rankings
State Parks Near Lake Koshkonong
Other Grade F Lakes in Wisconsin
Hypereutrophic Lakes in Wisconsin
Compare Lake Koshkonong With Nearby Lakes
WI DNR Lake Profile
Authoritative data from the Wisconsin DNR LakePages. Monitored by volunteers since 2001. 5 stations on file (most recent sample 2025).
Fish Species (DNR-rated)
EPA Impairment Status
Lake Koshkonong is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).
Causes of impairment
A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.
Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit WI10001493 · Official waterbody report
Data Sources
Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal
Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database
Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards
Fish and recreation data from Wisconsin DNR Lakes
Public boat-access points from the USGS National Boat Ramps inventory
Most recent sample: 2026-05-14
Monitoring stations: 4
Where to stay near Lake Koshkonong
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