Hat Rapids Flowage Lake
Oneida County, WisconsinLimited DataEutrophic
On the scoring rubric Hat Rapids Flowage Lake grades a D: clarity at 3.5 ft and phosphorus readings still being added keep it in the lower bracket for Oneida County. Clarity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a all rate similarly, so there is no obvious single lever to pull on watershed management.
A TSI in the eutrophic range signals a lake doing what nutrient-loaded waters do — supporting an active algal community at the cost of clear water. The lake's maximum depth is not yet documented in state morphometric records — context for its physical structure remains limited. Hat Rapids Flowage Lake covers 295 acres alongside partial shoreline records — a mid-sized water that supports a working fishery without being so large that conditions diverge between basins. Hat Rapids Flowage Lake ranks 106 of 134 in Oneida County — at the lower end of the locally monitored distribution.
Hat Rapids Flowage Lake has at least one documented invasive species (Chinese Mystery Snail), so boaters and anglers should observe clean-drain-dry steps when leaving the lake. The state fisheries records do not list documented species for Hat Rapids Flowage Lake, which usually reflects a lack of formal fisheries survey work rather than an empty lake. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.
Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Wisconsin DNR Surface Water, last sampled 2023-08-06. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.
Watch Hat Rapids Flowage Lake water quality
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Swimming Safety
Swimming not recommended, poor water quality with high algae risk
Water Quality Grade: D, Poor
Murky, only visible to about 3.5 ft. Trophic State Index: 59.
| Metric | Value | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity (Secchi Depth) | 3.5 ft | D |
| Phosphorus | No data | |
| Chlorophyll-a (Algae) | No data | |
| Trophic State Index (TSI) | 59 | Eutrophic |
High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity
Lake Details
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Surface Area | 295 acres |
Invasive & Introduced Species
Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.
Water Quality Trend: ↓ Declining
Based on 4 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).
| Metric | Trend | Change/Year | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Clarity | ↓ Declining | -0.175 m/yr | 4 |
Location
County Ranking
Ranked #106 of 134 lakes in Oneida County
Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles
Hat Rapids Flowage Lake holds Grade D. 4 nearby lakes hold higher grades.
Nearby Lakes in Oneida County
More Wisconsin Lake Rankings
Other Grade D Lakes in Wisconsin
Eutrophic Lakes in Wisconsin
WI DNR Lake Profile
Authoritative data from the Wisconsin DNR LakePages. 4 stations on file (most recent sample 2023).
Reservoir Info (USACE NID)
Hat Rapids Flowage Lake is a man-made reservoir impounded by the Hat Rapids (completed 1923), built primarily for hydroelectric on the Wisconsin River; gravity-type dam, 30 ft tall and 1,004 ft long.
- Surface area
- 640 ac
- Normal storage
- 4,750 ac-ft
- Max storage
- 4,750 ac-ft
- Drainage area
- 1,143 sq mi
- Hazard class
- High
- Owner
- Wisconsin Public Service Corporation
All listed purposes: Hydroelectric;Recreation.
Source: USACE National Inventory of Dams, NID ID WI00770 · Operator website
EPA Impairment Status
Hat Rapids Flowage Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 5).
Causes of impairment
Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit WI10007843 · Official waterbody report · Matched by proximity (2.44 km)
Data Sources
Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal
Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database
Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards
Fish and recreation data from Wisconsin DNR Lakes
Most recent sample: 2023-08-06
Monitoring stations: 1
Where to stay near Hat Rapids Flowage Lake
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