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B

Upper Cullen Lake

Crow Wing County, MinnesotaMesotrophic

Upper Cullen Lake comes in at a B on the grading rubric — a respectable showing for a Minnesota lake of its size and depth. clarity and phosphorus rate similarly, so there is no obvious single lever to pull on watershed management.

Mesotrophic conditions dominate at Upper Cullen Lake: enough nutrients for a healthy fishery, not so much that algal blooms become a chronic problem. A maximum depth of 40 ft puts Upper Cullen Lake in the middle of Minnesota's depth distribution. The lake's 441 acres and 4.9 miles of shoreline put it in the mid-range bucket — large enough for varied use, small enough that watershed inputs reach the whole basin. Within the 120 graded lakes of Crow Wing County, Upper Cullen Lake sits at rank 99, near the bottom of the county list.

No invasive species are currently listed at Upper Cullen Lake — the lake remains off the Minnesota infested-waters roster. The fishery includes walleye among the lake's 14 documented species — a notable draw for Minnesota anglers. No formal public access is documented at Upper Cullen Lake — most use is by shoreline residents and their guests. The lake has a partial ice record — 18 observed ice-outs, centered near Apr 12. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-09-13. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Good for swimming, clear water with low algae levels

Water Quality Grade: B, Good

Moderate clarity, visible to about 9.4 ft. Phosphorus level: 23 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 47.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)9.4 ftC
Phosphorus23 µg/LB
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)47Mesotrophic

Moderate nutrients, good water quality

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth40 ft
Surface Area441.47 acres
Shoreline Length4.9 mi
Littoral Zone68%
Public AccessNo

Fish Species

black crappie,bluegill,bowfin (dogfish),brown bullhead,green sunfish,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,northern pike,pumpkinseed,rock bass,smallmouth bass,walleye,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Upper Cullen Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Upper Cullen Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Upper Cullen Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Stable+0.074 m/yr5
Phosphorus Improving-0.6 µg/L/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (29 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 12
Typical Ice-In
Nov 24

Estimated open water season: 226 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2016-03-08 (2016)2022-05-02 (2022)
Ice-In2002-11-15 (2002)2007-12-01 (2007)

Most recent ice-out: 2024-03-29

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #99 of 120 lakes in Crow Wing County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Upper Cullen Lake holds Grade B. 5 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

See full comparison →

Nearby Lakes in Crow Wing County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

10 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2021-09-02 (Targeted Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Bluntnose Minnow23.16
Bluegill17.080.18 lb
Largemouth Bass11.371.33 lb
JND6.48
Tullibee (Cisco)6.030.76 lb
Northern Pike5.701.78 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

129 fish · 28 in · 2021-07-06
422102345678

Largemouth Bass

86 fish · 219 in · 2021-07-06
20100trophy 2024681012141618

Tullibee (Cisco)

4 fish · 813 in · 2015-07-06
3208910111213

Northern Pike

119 fish · 1134 in · 2021-07-06
1580121416182022242628303234

From the 2021-09-02 survey

Upper Cullen Lake is a 435 acre lake, with a maximum depth of 40', located 6 miles northeast of the town of Nisswa in Crow Wing County. Upper Cullen is located in the Crow Wing River watershed. A nearshore survey was conducted to assess the populations of both game and non-game fish species. Ten 100' long sampling…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Upper Cullen Lake. 1 report on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Upper Cullen Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 5).

Causes of impairment

Mercury

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN18-0351-00 · Official waterbody report · Matched by proximity (2.79 km)

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-09-13

Monitoring stations: 1