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C

Mille Lacs Lake

Mille Lacs County, MinnesotaLimited DataMesotrophic

Mille Lacs Lake sits at a C on the grading scale — not impaired, not pristine, with summer measurements that vary year to year.

A TSI near 45 places Mille Lacs Lake in the mesotrophic band — moderate productivity, with seasonal swings between clearer spring water and richer late-summer conditions. Mille Lacs Lake reaches 42 ft at its deepest point — typical for Minnesota mid-sized lakes, with seasonal stratification but limited cold-water refuge. Mille Lacs Lake covers 128,250 acres alongside 105.5 miles of shoreline, large enough that conditions can vary meaningfully between bays. Mille Lacs Lake ranks 10 of 11 in Mille Lacs County — at the lower end of the locally monitored distribution.

Zebra mussel presence at Mille Lacs Lake means the lake's clarity numbers carry an asterisk — filtered water is not the same as nutrient-poor water. Muskie are on the species list at Mille Lacs Lake, among the lake's 21 documented fish. Public access is available — the lake is on the Minnesota PCA public-access list. The lake has a long ice-out record — 105 observations on file, with a median ice-out around Apr 25. Monitoring depth is thin here: the LakeGrade rubric is applied to a small number of sample years, and the grade will be revised as more data accumulates.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-04. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Generally safe for swimming, moderate water quality

Water Quality Grade: C, Fair

Moderate clarity, visible to about 9 ft. Trophic State Index: 45.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)9 ftC
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)45Mesotrophic

Moderate nutrients, good water quality

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth42 ft
Average Depth28.5 ft
Surface Area128.3K acres
Shoreline Length105.5 mi
Littoral Zone26%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

black bullhead,black crappie,bluegill,bowfin (dogfish),brown bullhead,burbot,common carp,green sunfish,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,muskellunge,northern pike,pumpkinseed,rock bass,shorthead redhorse,smallmouth bass,tullibee (cisco),walleye,white sucker,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Mille Lacs Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Mille Lacs Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Mille Lacs Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

Eurasian watermilfoilspiny waterfleazebra mussel

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.198 m/yr5
Phosphorus Declining+58.7 µg/L/yr4
Chlorophyll-a Improving-0.4 µg/L/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (123 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 25
Typical Ice-In
Dec 3

Estimated open water season: 222 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2024-03-16 (2024)2013-05-16 (2013)
Ice-In1996-11-19 (1996)2001-12-22 (2001)

Most recent ice-out: 2025-04-18

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #10 of 11 lakes in Mille Lacs County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Mille Lacs Lake holds Grade C. 5 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

Nearby Lakes in Mille Lacs County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

36 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2024-09-01 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Yellow Perch219.500.23 lb
Spottail Shiner73.620.02 lb
Walleye69.991.23 lb
Tullibee (Cisco)17.450.62 lb
Smallmouth Bass16.431.74 lb
Bluntnose Minnow13.530.01 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Yellow Perch

5,861 fish · 113 in · 2024-09-01
204710240trophy 1212345678910111213

Spottail Shiner

171 fish · 24 in · 2024-09-01
90450234

Walleye

2,814 fish · 326 in · 2024-09-01
7733870trophy 24468101214161820222426

Tullibee (Cisco)

6,778 fish · 218 in · 2024-09-01
53132657024681012141618

From the 2024-09-01 survey

Sampling Programs Mille Lacs Lake is one of ten lakes in Minnesota's Large Lake Program. These lakes have annual sampling of the fish populations, and frequent creel surveys. Specific to Mille Lacs Lake, sampling programs focusing on Walleye, Yellow Perch, Smallmouth Bass, and Northern Pike are conducted annually.…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Mille Lacs Lake. 5 reports on file.

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-10-04

Monitoring stations: 1