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F

Big Eau Pleine Lake

Marathon County, WisconsinHypereutrophic

Big Eau Pleine Lake grades an F: every scored parameter (clarity and phosphorus) rates poorly, placing it among the most stressed lakes monitored in Wisconsin. With clarity and phosphorus scored, the sub-grades cluster within a letter of each other, pointing to stable conditions rather than one specific stressor.

The hypereutrophic status — TSI 73 — reflects sustained heavy nutrient loading from the surrounding watershed and frequent algal pressure. The lake's maximum depth is not yet documented in state morphometric records — context for its physical structure remains limited. The lake's surface area is not consistently recorded across state datasets — physical context remains partial. Big Eau Pleine Lake ranks 4 of 5 in Marathon County — at the lower end of the locally monitored distribution.

Big Eau Pleine Lake has no invasive species recorded in Wisconsin state databases as of 2025, though prevention practices still apply at all access points. The state fisheries records do not list documented species for Big Eau Pleine Lake, which usually reflects a lack of formal fisheries survey work rather than an empty lake. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Wisconsin DNR Surface Water, last sampled 2025-10-29. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Avoid swimming, very poor water quality, potential algae toxins

Water Quality Grade: F, Very Poor

Very murky, less than 1.5 ft of visibility. Phosphorus level: 131 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 73.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)1.5 ftF
Phosphorus131 µg/LF
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)73Hypereutrophic

Very high nutrients, dense algae, poor clarity

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 3 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.025 m/yr3
Phosphorus Improving-19.25 µg/L/yr3

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #4 of 5 lakes in Marathon County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Big Eau Pleine Lake holds Grade F. 4 nearby lakes hold higher grades.

See full comparison →

Nearby Lakes in Marathon County

State Parks Near Big Eau Pleine Lake

Hypereutrophic Lakes in Wisconsin

DNR Reports & Resources

Wisconsin DNR Fisheries scientists publish multi-year survey reports for Big Eau Pleine Lake covering fish populations, stocking, water quality, and management. 1 report on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Big Eau Pleine Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit WI10026869 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Most recent sample: 2025-10-29

Monitoring stations: 7