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Upper Gresham Lake

Vilas County, WisconsinMesotrophic

Upper Gresham Lake sits at the top of the Wisconsin DNR grading rubric with an A, a mark reached by the cleanest lakes in Wisconsin. Clarity, phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a all rate similarly, so there is no obvious single lever to pull on watershed management.

A TSI near 42 places Upper Gresham Lake in the mesotrophic band — moderate productivity, with seasonal swings between clearer spring water and richer late-summer conditions. A maximum depth of 32 ft puts Upper Gresham Lake in the middle of Wisconsin's depth distribution. At 362 acres, Upper Gresham Lake fits the Wisconsin median for monitored lakes, with partial shoreline records. Upper Gresham Lake ranks 78 of 191 in Vilas County — solidly in the upper half of the local distribution.

Eurasian watermilfoil is established at Upper Gresham Lake, which can dampen recreational access and pressure the native plant community. The fishery includes walleye alongside the lake's other 5 documented species — a notable draw for Wisconsin anglers. Public access is available — the lake is on the Wisconsin DNR public-access list. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Wisconsin DNR Surface Water, last sampled 2026-05-21. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

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Swimming Safety

Excellent for swimming, crystal clear water with minimal algae

Water Quality Grade: A, Excellent

Good clarity, visible to about 11.3 ft. Phosphorus level: 13.4 µg/L. Trophic State Index: 42.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)11.3 ftB
Phosphorus13.4 µg/LA
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)42Mesotrophic

Moderate nutrients, good water quality

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth32 ft
Surface Area362 acres
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

Click a species to see every graded lake where it is documented.

→ Best fishing times for Upper Gresham Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Upper Gresham Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Upper Gresham Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Invasive & Introduced Species

Red chips are ecologically harmful invasive species. Gray chips are stocked or introduced fish that aren't a current ecological concern.

Chinese Mystery SnailEurasian Water-MilfoilRusty Crayfish

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.945 m/yr5
Phosphorus Improving-1.6 µg/L/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Recreation & Access

1
Boat Landings
Yes
Public Access

Location

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County Ranking

Ranked #78 of 191 lakes in Vilas County

Nearby Lakes in Vilas County

WI DNR Lake Profile

Authoritative data from the Wisconsin DNR LakePages. Monitored by volunteers since 1990. 5 stations on file (most recent sample 2025).

DNR Assessment
Excellent · Deep Lowland lake
Trophic State Index 45 (mesotrophic) · 5-year average

Fish Species (DNR-rated)

Panfish(Abundant)Musky(Common)Largemouth Bass(Common)Walleye(Common)Northern Pike(Present)

EPA Impairment Status

Upper Gresham Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 5).

Causes of impairment

Mercury

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit WI10003879 · Official waterbody report · Matched by proximity (2.48 km)

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Fish and recreation data from Wisconsin DNR Lakes

Public boat-access points from the USGS National Boat Ramps inventory

Most recent sample: 2026-05-21

Monitoring stations: 2

Where to stay near Upper Gresham Lake

Compare lakeside cabins, hotels, and vacation rentals near Upper Gresham Lake in Vilas County, Wisconsin — live availability and prices for your trip.

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