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LakeQuality
D

Elm Island Lake

Aitkin County, MinnesotaLimited DataEutrophic

Elm Island Lake earns a D — measurements through 2024 show persistent nutrient pressure that limits clarity through the summer.

At a TSI of 57, Elm Island Lake reads as eutrophic — nutrient-rich enough that summer algal growth and reduced clarity are expected, not unusual. The lake bottoms out at 25 ft — a moderate depth that supports a warm-water fishery without the year-round cold refuge a deeper basin provides. Elm Island Lake covers 520 acres alongside 7.9 miles of shoreline — a mid-sized water that supports a working fishery without being so large that conditions diverge between basins. Within the 53 graded lakes of Aitkin County, Elm Island Lake sits at rank 47, near the bottom of the county list.

No invasive species are currently listed at Elm Island Lake — the lake remains off the Minnesota infested-waters roster. The fishery includes walleye among the lake's 15 documented species — a notable draw for Minnesota anglers. A documented public access point at Elm Island Lake makes the lake usable for shore fishing, paddle craft, and trailered boats. The lake has a partial ice record — 16 observed ice-outs, centered near Apr 18. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-15. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Swimming not recommended, poor water quality with high algae risk

Water Quality Grade: D, Poor

Murky, only visible to about 4 ft. Trophic State Index: 57.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)4 ftD
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)57Eutrophic

High nutrients, frequent algae, reduced clarity

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth25 ft
Average Depth9 ft
Surface Area519.52 acres
Shoreline Length7.9 mi
Littoral Zone75%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

black bullhead,black crappie,bluegill,bowfin (dogfish),brown bullhead,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,northern pike,pumpkinseed,rock bass,shorthead redhorse,walleye,white sucker,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Elm Island Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Elm Island Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Elm Island Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Water Quality Trend: Stable

Based on 4 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Stable-0.019 m/yr4
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (25 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 18
Typical Ice-In
Nov 20

Estimated open water season: 216 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2010-03-30 (2010)2018-05-03 (2018)
Ice-In2018-11-10 (2018)2015-12-01 (2015)

Most recent ice-out: 2025-04-12

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #47 of 53 lakes in Aitkin County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Elm Island Lake holds Grade D. One nearby lake has a higher grade.

Nearby Lakes in Aitkin County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

15 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2025-06-17 (Targeted Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Bluntnose Minnow32.46
Bluegill13.900.32 lb
Black Bullhead10.490.65 lb
Black Crappie10.460.24 lb
Spottail Shiner7.68
Yellow Perch7.610.13 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

53 fish · 38 in · 2025-06-17
20100345678

Black Bullhead

1 fish · 1111 in · 2023-06-12
1011

Black Crappie

8 fish · 58 in · 2025-06-17
3205678

Yellow Perch

76 fish · 57 in · 2023-06-12
32160567

From the 2025-06-17 survey

A targeted survey of nearshore fish species in Elm Island Lake was conducted beginning on June 17th, 2025, by Lake Biological Monitoring and Assessment (LBMA) program staff. Sampling sites were evenly spaced around the lake, and each was sampled by backpack electrofishing and seining with a 50-foot or 15-foot seine,…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Elm Island Lake. 4 reports on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Elm Island Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 5).

Causes of impairment

Impaired biota (cause unknown)MercuryNutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen)

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN01-0123-00 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-10-15

Monitoring stations: 1