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B

Cotton Lake

Becker County, MinnesotaLimited DataMesotrophic

On the LakeGrade scale Cotton Lake grades a B, with clarity at 11.5 ft and phosphorus readings still being added placing it above the Minnesota median.

Mesotrophic conditions dominate at Cotton Lake: enough nutrients for a healthy fishery, not so much that algal blooms become a chronic problem. A maximum depth of 28 ft puts Cotton Lake in the middle of Minnesota's depth distribution. Cotton Lake covers 1,763 acres alongside 10.9 miles of shoreline, large enough that conditions can vary meaningfully between bays. Cotton Lake ranks 37 of 93 in Becker County — solidly in the upper half of the local distribution.

Cotton Lake has no invasive species recorded in Minnesota state databases as of 2024, though prevention practices still apply at all access points. The fishery includes walleye among the lake's 15 documented species — a notable draw for Minnesota anglers. A documented public access point at Cotton Lake makes the lake usable for shore fishing, paddle craft, and trailered boats. The lake has a partial ice record — 23 observed ice-outs, centered near Apr 23. The grade is based on limited monitoring — fewer than three independent measurement years contribute, so future updates may shift the letter.

Source: EPA Water Quality Portal sampling records, Minnesota DNR LakeFinder, last sampled 2024-10-18. Grade methodology: LakeGrade methodology.

Reviewed by LakeQuality Editorial Team · Updated

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Swimming Safety

Good for swimming, clear water with low algae levels

Water Quality Grade: B, Good

Good clarity, visible to about 11.5 ft. Trophic State Index: 42.

MetricValueGrade
Water Clarity (Secchi Depth)11.5 ftB
PhosphorusNo data
Chlorophyll-a (Algae)No data
Trophic State Index (TSI)42Mesotrophic

Moderate nutrients, good water quality

Lake Details

CharacteristicValue
Maximum Depth28 ft
Surface Area1.8K acres
Shoreline Length10.9 mi
Littoral Zone44%
Public AccessYes

Fish Species

black bullhead,black crappie,bluegill,brown bullhead,green sunfish,hybrid sunfish,largemouth bass,northern pike,pumpkinseed,rock bass,tullibee (cisco),walleye,white sucker,yellow bullhead,yellow perch

Click a species to see all Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes where it is found.

→ Best fishing times for Cotton Lake (14-day solunar calendar)

→ Is it safe to eat fish from Cotton Lake? (mercury & PFAS guide)

Cotton Lake fishing regulations (limits, seasons, special rules)

Water Quality Trend: Improving

Based on 5 years of monitoring data (2020-2025).

MetricTrendChange/YearYears
Water Clarity Improving+0.271 m/yr5
See year-by-year chart →

Ice Season

Historical ice data from Minnesota DNR (33 observations).

Typical Ice-Out
Apr 23
Typical Ice-In
Nov 25

Estimated open water season: 216 days

EarliestLatest
Ice-Out2012-03-24 (2012)2010-11-23 (2010)
Ice-In2011-11-20 (2011)2001-12-07 (2001)

Most recent ice-out: 2025-04-17

Location

Loading map…

County Ranking

Ranked #37 of 93 lakes in Becker County

Cleaner Lakes Within 30 Miles

Cotton Lake holds Grade B. One nearby lake has a higher grade.

Nearby Lakes in Becker County

DNR Fisheries Survey Summary

12 surveys on file from MN DNR Fisheries. Most recent: 2021-07-12 (Standard Survey).

Top Species by Catch Rate

SpeciesAvg CPUEAvg Weight
Bluntnose Minnow175.70
MMS46.42
Bluegill31.130.19 lb
Yellow Perch24.230.35 lb
BKF22.88
Yellow Bass6.210.89 lb

CPUE = catch per unit effort, averaged across surveys (excludes juvenile shoreline seining). Higher CPUE = more abundant in standardized sampling.

Length Distributions

Number of fish caught at each inch class in the most recent survey that recorded lengths. Red dashed line marks an approximate trophy threshold for that species.

Bluegill

289 fish · 29 in · 2021-07-12
95480trophy 1023456789

Yellow Perch

160 fish · 512 in · 2021-07-12
41210trophy 1256789101112

Yellow Bass

507 fish · 415 in · 2021-07-12
170850456789101112131415

From the 2021-07-12 survey

Cotton Lake is a 1,763-acre lake located in Becker county 12 miles east of the city of Detroit Lakes. The lake possesses a heavily developed shoreline and receives high recreational use and fishing pressure from the surrounding area, particularly during the open water season. The Shelly Island Wildlife Management Area…

Source: MN DNR LakeFinder Fisheries Lake Survey

DNR Reports & Resources

Minnesota DNR LakeFinder publishes lake survey, fish stocking, water access, and aquatic plant data for Cotton Lake. 4 reports on file.

EPA Impairment Status

Cotton Lake is officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the 2024 EPA reporting cycle (IR category 4A).

Causes of impairment

Mercury

A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan has been approved.

Source: EPA ATTAINS assessment unit MN03-0286-00 · Official waterbody report

Data Sources

Water quality data from the EPA Water Quality Portal

Impairment status from EPA ATTAINS 303(d) database

Grading methodology based on Metropolitan Council standards

Lake details from Minnesota DNR LakeFinder

Ice data from Minnesota DNR Climate

Most recent sample: 2024-10-18

Monitoring stations: 2