Hypereutrophic Lakes in South Dakota

Hypereutrophic lakes (TSI above 70) are at the upper end of the productivity scale: visible algal blooms most weeks of summer, clarity often under 3 feet, and meaningful risk of harmful-algal-bloom toxin events. 0 hypereutrophic lakes are on the South Dakota books. Almost none of them are deep — 0% break 50 feet. Shallow basin plus heavy nutrient input is the consistent recipe.

Hypereutrophic lakes overwhelmingly grade D or F — the trophic class and the grade are measuring closely-related dimensions of the same underlying nutrient regime.