Updated August 2026 · All 4 lakes with a surveyed depth
Deepest Lake in New York: Seneca Lake (618 ft)
Seneca Lake is New York's deepest lake at 618 ft, per the NYS DEC. Lake Ontario's 802-ft maximum depth (US EPA, physical features of the Great Lakes) exceeds Seneca, but it is a Great Lake shared with Ontario, Canada. Lake Champlain, shared with Vermont, is shallower than Seneca, and Lake Erie's maximum is 210 ft, so Seneca is the deepest lake wholly inside New York. Mapped and ranked below: the 4 deepest of 4 New York lakes with a surveyed maximum depth.
Top 4 Deepest Lakes in New York (by max depth)
| # | Lake | County | Max depth | Mean depth | Surface area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kensico Reservoir | Westchester | 120 ft | — | 1,336 ac |
| 2 | Amawalk Reservoir | Westchester | 77 ft | — | 587 ac |
| 3 | Alcove Reservoir | Albany | 75 ft | — | 1,321 ac |
| 4 | Oscawana Lake | Putnam | 30 ft | — | 360 ac |
Sources and method
- Max and mean depth: state natural-resources agency lake surveys and USACE National Inventory of Dams reservoir records. Surveyed depths only; modeled estimates are never ranked. A dash means the survey did not record a mean.
- Deepest lake: Seneca Lake, 618 ft, per the NYS DEC, 2026-07-30. Seneca Lake has no page here yet, so it is absent from the table.
- Readings: clarity, phosphorus and chlorophyll-a from the agency's own sampling, shown as reported. Depth is not a water-quality reading.
- Map pins: the 4 table rows with surveyed coordinates. No other lakes are plotted.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the deepest lake in New York?
Seneca Lake, at 618 ft, in Ontario, Yates, Seneca and Schuyler County. Lake Ontario's 802-ft maximum depth (US EPA, physical features of the Great Lakes) exceeds Seneca, but it is a Great Lake shared with Ontario, Canada. Lake Champlain, shared with Vermont, is shallower than Seneca, and Lake Erie's maximum is 210 ft, so Seneca is the deepest lake wholly inside New York. Source: NYS DEC, 2026-07-30.
How are lake depths measured?
Maximum depth is the deepest point at full-pool water level, from state agency bathymetric surveys and, for reservoirs, dam-design records. The ranking uses surveyed depths only, never modeled estimates. Everyday water level can sit below the surveyed figure during drawdowns or drought. Mean depth, the average across the whole basin, is listed where a survey recorded it.
Why are some New York lakes so much deeper than others?
Lake depth depends on how the lake formed. Glacial lakes (common in MN, WI, MI, NY) were carved by ice sheets and can exceed 200 ft. Reservoir lakes (common in IA, MO, OK, KS) are shaped by river valley depth at the dam site — typically 50-150 ft at the dam, much shallower upstream. Flooded mine pits can be deeper still. Oxbow lakes and pothole lakes formed by river meandering or glacial pitting tend to be shallower, usually under 30 ft.
Does deeper mean cleaner?
Not directly, but deeper lakes tend to be cleaner on average. Depth creates thermal stratification in summer, isolating cold deep water from surface algal blooms. Deep lakes also resist nutrient resuspension from wind-driven sediment mixing. That said, many deep lakes still suffer from impairment if the watershed loads heavy phosphorus — each lake's page carries its nutrient readings and EPA impairment status.
What's the average depth of New York lakes in this ranking?
Across the 4 deepest New York lakes, the average maximum depth is 76 ft and the median is 75 ft (Alcove Reservoir). This is the top of 4 lakes with a surveyed depth, so it is biased toward deep lakes; the typical New York lake is shallower.
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