Skip to main content
LakeQuality

Updated Aug 2026

New Mexico Lake Water Quality

Water quality grades for 73 monitored lakes across 22 counties.

73 New Mexico lakes carry a grade. Most of the input data flows through monitoring run by the New Mexico Environment Department, which feeds state, federal, and volunteer measurements into the EPA Water Quality Portal. Only about 5% of New Mexico's lakes pull an A grade — the smaller, agricultural-watershed lakes that dominate the dataset tend to carry persistent nutrient loads. 8% of lakes fall in the D or F brackets.

The state's dominant trophic class is oligotrophic: clear, nutrient-poor, slow-growing. These lakes are also the most sensitive to disturbance — the same volume that buffers them against nutrients also slows recovery if those nutrients arrive in quantity. San Miguel ranks highest on average county grade (A). Sierra sits lowest. With only 22 counties in the state, the cross-county spread is narrower than the within-county spread for most lakes.

Grade Distribution

All 73 New Mexico lakes in the index: 18 (24.7%) carry an A–F grade and 55 (75.3%) are not rated, because they lack enough recent nutrient or algae sampling to support a letter.

A
4
Excellent
B
0
Good
C
8
Fair
D
4
Nutrient-rich
F
2
Algae-prone
55
Not rated

Where to stay near New Mexico

Top-rated places to stay near New Mexico

Availability and prices from Stay22 partners (Booking.com, Vrbo, Expedia). We may earn a commission from bookings, at no extra cost to you.

Lake Map

Loading map…

Explore New Mexico Lakes

Reservoirs in New Mexico

View all 45 reservoirs →

45 of 73 New Mexico lakes (62%) are man-made reservoirs in the USACE National Inventory of Dams. 42 carry a High or Significant hazard rating. The oldest matched dam dates to 1900.

Recreation (15)Flood Risk Reduction (12)Irrigation (10)Water Supply (7)Other (1)

EPA-Impaired Lakes in New Mexico

View all 42 impaired lakes →

42 of 73 New Mexico lakes (58%) are officially listed as impaired under Clean Water Act §303(d) in the most recent EPA ATTAINS reporting cycle. 5 have an approved Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) restoration plan.

Nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen) (21)Mercury (18)Temperature (12)PCBs (5)Fish consumption advisory (3)pH / acidity (3)Oxygen depletion (low DO) (1)Metals (other than mercury) (1)

New Mexico Fishing & Recreation

Licenses, regulations, records, and where to fish across New Mexico.

Counties

All 22 New Mexico counties, ranked by average lake water quality. Compare them against every county nationwide in the county rankings, browse the full directory of graded lakes, or pick a different state.

Cleanest New Mexico Lakes

18 lakes18 graded lakes

#LakeCountyGradeClarityTrophicAccess
1AAbiquiu ReservoirRio ArribaA3.3 ftMesotrophicNot recorded
2AAbiquiu Reservoir Chama R InletRio ArribaA3.3 ftMesotrophic✓ Public
3AConchas ReservoirSan MiguelA8.9 ftMesotrophic✓ Public
4ASanta Rosa L Dp Sta Midchannel Buoy LakeGuadalupeA1.6 ftMesotrophic✓ Public
5CHeron Lake Deep DamRio ArribaC3.7 ftOligotrophic✓ Public
6CGrindstone Canyon Reservoir DeepLincolnC9 ftOligotrophicNot recorded
7CHeron Lake ShallowRio ArribaC2.5 ftMesotrophicNot recorded
8CSandia Lakes Recreation AreaSandovalC1.3 ftEutrophicNot recorded
9CSandia LakesSandovalC1.2 ftEutrophicNot recorded
10CMescalero Lake DeepOteroCNo recent samplesOligotrophic✓ Public
11CMescalero Lake ShallowOteroCNo recent samplesOligotrophicNot recorded
12CSilver Lake DeepOteroCNo recent samplesOligotrophicNot recorded
13DAlto LakeLincolnD8.9 ftMesotrophicNot recorded
14DE Butte LakeSierraD3.6 ftEutrophic✓ Public
15DSilver Lake ShallowOteroDNo recent samplesOligotrophicNot recorded
16DGrindstone Caynon Reservoir InletLincolnDNo recent samplesEutrophicNot recorded
17FHopewell LakeRio ArribaF3.9 ftHypereutrophicNot recorded
18FCaballo LakeSierraF1.8 ftHypereutrophic✓ Public

New Mexico Lakes Needing Attention

18 lakes18 graded lakes

#LakeCountyGradeClarity
1FCaballo LakeSierraF1.8 ft
2FHopewell LakeRio ArribaF3.9 ft
3DGrindstone Caynon Reservoir InletLincolnDNo recent samples
4DSilver Lake ShallowOteroDNo recent samples
5DE Butte LakeSierraD3.6 ft
6DAlto LakeLincolnD8.9 ft
7CSilver Lake DeepOteroCNo recent samples
8CMescalero Lake ShallowOteroCNo recent samples
9CMescalero Lake DeepOteroCNo recent samples
10CSandia LakesSandovalC1.2 ft
11CSandia Lakes Recreation AreaSandovalC1.3 ft
12CHeron Lake ShallowRio ArribaC2.5 ft
13CGrindstone Canyon Reservoir DeepLincolnC9 ft
14CHeron Lake Deep DamRio ArribaC3.7 ft
15ASanta Rosa L Dp Sta Midchannel Buoy LakeGuadalupeA1.6 ft
16AConchas ReservoirSan MiguelA8.9 ft
17AAbiquiu Reservoir Chama R InletRio ArribaA3.3 ft
18AAbiquiu ReservoirRio ArribaA3.3 ft

Lake Match

Which lake suits how you actually use one?

Six questions — swimming, fishing, quiet, cabins, drive time — and a shortlist of graded lakes that fit, with the water quality behind each one.

Take the quiz →

Source: EPA National Aquatic Resource Surveys and the EPA Water Quality Portal.